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Cardioembolic stroke: dual-energy cardiac CT for differentiation of left atrial appendage thrombus and circulatory stasis

Authors
 Jin Hur  ;  Young Jin Kim  ;  Hye-Jeong Lee  ;  Ji Eun Nam  ;  Yoo Jin Hong  ;  Hee Yeong Kim  ;  Ji Won Lee  ;  Byoung Wook Choi 
Citation
 RADIOLOGY, Vol.263(3) : 688-695, 2012 
Journal Title
RADIOLOGY
ISSN
 0033-8419 
Issue Date
2012
MeSH
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Atrial Appendage/diagnostic imaging* ; Case-Control Studies ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Contrast Media ; Coronary Circulation ; Coronary Thrombosis/complications* ; Coronary Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Risk Factors ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke/etiology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods* ; Triiodobenzoic Acids
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic performance of dual-energy cardiac computed tomography (CT) in the detection of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi and differentiation between thrombus and circulatory stasis in patients with stroke, by using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as the reference standard.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board approved this study, and patients provided informed consent. Thirty-two patients with stroke who had atrial fibrillation (AF) and either thrombus or the spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) echo pattern at TEE were prospectively enrolled. For the control group, 31 patients who were planning to undergo AF ablation and who had no abnormalities at TEE were enrolled. All patients underwent dual-energy cardiac CT that was not electrocardiographically gated. For quantitative analysis, iodine concentration was measured on CT images. The statistical significance of differences in mean iodine concentration between thrombus and SEC as measured at CT was assessed by using the Student t test.

RESULTS: Among the 63 patients, a total of 13 thrombi and 19 instances of SEC were detected at TEE. Using TEE as the reference standard, the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of dual-energy cardiac CT in the detection of thrombi and SEC in the LAA were 97% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82%, 100%), 100% (95% CI: 86%, 100%), 100%, and 97%, respectively. At CT, the mean iodine concentration was 1.23 mg/mL ± 0.34 (standard deviation) for thrombus and 3.61 mg/mL ± 1.01 for SEC (P = .001).

CONCLUSION: Dual-energy cardiac CT is a highly sensitive modality for detecting LAA thrombus and for differentiating thrombus from SEC in patients with stroke.
Files in This Item:
T201203105.pdf Download
DOI
10.1148/radiol.12111691
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Radiology (영상의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Young Jin(김영진) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6235-6550
Kim, Hee Yeong(김희영)
Nam, Ji Eun(남지은)
Lee, Ji Won(이지원)
Lee, Hye Jeong(이혜정) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-9174
Choi, Byoung Wook(최병욱) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8873-5444
Hur, Jin(허진) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-6571
Hong, Yoo Jin(홍유진) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-0944
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/91783
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