Efficacy of inducible protein 10 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of tuberculosis

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Authors: Ji Young Hong ; Gyeong Seo Jung ; Hyunjung Kim ; Young Mi Kim ; Hye Jon Lee ; Sang-Nae Cho ; Se Kyu Kim ; Joon Chang ; Young Ae Kang

Citation: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol.16(12) : 855-859, 2012

MeSH: Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CXCL10/blood* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Latent Tuberculosis/blood ; Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Republic of Korea ; Tuberculin Test ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis* ; Young Adult

Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokine CXCL10/blood* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Latent Tuberculosis/blood ; Latent Tuberculosis/diagnosis* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Republic of Korea ; Tuberculin Test ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/blood ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis* ; Young Adult

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated inducible protein 10 (IP-10) as a diagnostic biomarker for specific tuberculosis (TB) infection and evaluated the ability of IP-10 to distinguish between active TB and latent TB infection (LTBI).

METHODS: Forty-six patients with active pulmonary TB, 22 participants with LTBI, and 32 non-TB controls were enrolled separately. We measured IP-10 in serum and in supernatants from whole blood stimulated with TB-specific antigens.

RESULTS: TB antigen-dependent IP-10 secretion was significantly increased in the active TB patients and LTBI subjects compared with controls, but did not differ significantly between the active TB patients and LTBI subjects. Serum IP-10 levels were higher in active TB than in LTBI (174.9 vs. 102.7pg/ml, p=0.002). The respective rates of positive responders of TB antigen-dependent IP-10 were 97.8%, 90.9%, and 12.5% in active TB, LTBI, and non-TB controls, respectively. For serum IP-10, 87.5%, 45.5%, and 9.5% of responders were positive in the respective groups.

CONCLUSIONS: The IP-10 response to TB antigen may constitute a specific biomarker for TB infection, but does not by itself distinguish between active TB and LTBI. Serum IP-10 may enhance the diagnostic performance when used in combination with another marker.