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Asymmetric Pectus Excavatum Is Associated with Overgrowth of Ribs Rather Than Cartilage

Authors
 Chul Hwan Park  ;  Tae Hoon Kim  ;  Sungsoo Lee  ;  Seok Jin Haam 
Citation
 THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGEON, Vol.63(5) : 427-432, 2015 
Journal Title
THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGEON
ISSN
 0171-6425 
Issue Date
2015
MeSH
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Case-Control Studies ; Costal Cartilage/diagnostic imaging ; Costal Cartilage/growth & development* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Funnel Chest/diagnostic imaging* ; Funnel Chest/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted* ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs/diagnostic imaging ; Ribs/growth & development* ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Young Adult
Keywords
pectus excavatum ; costal cartilage ; rib ; three-dimensional computed tomography
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether the overgrowth of costal cartilage exists in patients with pectus excavatum, we compared the length of the costal cartilage and ribs between patients with asymmetric pectus excavatum and controls without chest wall deformity using three-dimensional computed tomography.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen adult patients with asymmetric pectus excavatum and 19 age and sex matched controls without chest wall deformity were enrolled. We measured the full lengths of the fourth to sixth ribs and costal cartilage using three-dimensional volume-rendered computed tomography images and curved multiplanar reformatting techniques. The lengths of ribs and costal cartilage, their summations, and the costal index ([length of cartilage/length of rib] × 100 [%]) were compared on the asymmetrically depressed side of patients (Group A), the opposite side of the same patients (Group B), and controls (Group C) at the fourth to sixth levels.

RESULTS: The lengths of the ribs of groups A and B were significantly longer (p < 0.001) than those of group C (299.4 ± 14.9 mm vs. 302.9 ± 15.3 mm vs. 288.9 ± 12.2 at the fourth level, 312.3 ± 14.1 mm vs. 318.4 ± 14.6 mm vs. 303.2 ± 12.7 mm at the fifth level, and 322.2 ± 17.2 mm vs. 325.2 ± 17.5 mm vs. 309.4 ± 12.3 mm at the sixth level). The costal cartilage lengths did not differ (p > 0.05) among the three groups (53.1 ± 7.3 mm vs. 54.6 ± 8.6 mm vs. 52.9 ± 5.2 at the fourth level, 71.9 ± 9.6 mm vs. 72.3 ± 9.9 mm vs. 69.2 ± 7.1 mm at the fifth level, and 100.1 ± 15.2 mm vs. 104.2 ± 15.8 mm vs. 99.1 ± 9.1 mm at sixth level). The summations of the rib and costal cartilage lengths were longer in groups A and B than in group C. The costal indices were not different among the three groups at the fourth, fifth, and sixth rib levels.

CONCLUSION: In patients who had asymmetric pectus excavatum with a ≥ 21-degree angle of sternal rotations, the ribs but not the costal cartilage were longer than those of controls. These findings suggest that cartilage overgrowth is not the main factor responsible for asymmetric pectus excavatum, and it could instead be related to abnormal rib growth.
Full Text
https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-0034-1395394
DOI
10.1055/s-0034-1395394
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Radiology (영상의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (흉부외과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Tae Hoon(김태훈) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3598-2529
Park, Chul Hwan(박철환) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0004-9475
Lee, Sung Soo(이성수) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9510
Haam, Seok Jin(함석진)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/139122
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