bone formation ; calvarial defect ; collagen matrix ; mandibular defect ; rat
Abstract
Bovine collagen matrix used in this study consists of a porous collagen matrix of bovine origin(spongiosa) and has been
evaluated as potential candidates for bone regenerative therapy. It has been used in the oral cavity under a variety of indications.
This study was performed to evaluate the bone formation effect of the bovine collagen matrix in rat calvarial and
mandibular defects. Critical-sized eight-mm calvarial defects and five-mm mandibular defects were created in 60 male
Sprague-Dawley rats using trephine bur. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Each group received one of the following:
Control(Sham-surgery), and experimental(bovine collagen matrix) for calvarial defect and mandibular defects. In the
mandibular defect model, both sides of the mandible were used for the experiment. Defects were evaluated by histologic
and histometric parameters following 2- and 8-week healing intervals (10 animal/group/healing interval). Overall results
were uneventful without any defect exposure or inflammation. The amount of new bone formation and bone maturity
increased with the increase in healing period at each group. On histologic observation, a large amount of newly formed bone
was observed in the experimental group. Moreover, bovine collagen matrix was observed at 2 weeks, but by 8 weeks, the
bovine collagen matrix appeared to be completely absorbed. Histometric analysis revealed that the amount of new bone was
significantly greater in the collagen matrix treated sites than in the control at 8 weeks in calvarial defects (P<0.05). Within
the limits of the study, these results suggest that the use of the bovine collagen matrix on the calvarial and mandibular
defects in rats has a beneficial effect on the regeneration of bone tissue.