1550nm Er:Glass레이저 조사 시 쿨링 방식에 따른 피부 표면 온도 및 치료효과 분석
Other Titles
Analysis of skin surface temperature and treatment effect according to cooling method when irradiated with 1550nm Er:Glass laser
Authors
김현
College
College of Medicine (의과대학)
Department
Others (기타)
Degree
석사
Issue Date
2024-08
Abstract
Laser-based skin rejuvenation treatments are widely recognized in dermatology. Lasers offer the advantage of selective targeting based on the absorption of chromophores specific to different wavelengths, thus expanding their therapeutic applications. Among these, the 1550nm Er:Glass laser is known to be effective in treating atrophic acne scars. However, the thermal response induced by lasers can excessively raise the skin temperature, potentially causing adverse effects such as surface burns, necessitating epidermal protection through cooling. Despite the risk of such side effects, research on the cooling of skin treated with the commonly used 1550nm Er:Glass laser for acne scars has been lacking. While comparative studies on cooling methods such as refrigerant gas cooling, air cooling, and water-cooling contact methods exist, there is a dearth of research on hybrid cooling methods combining these techniques. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the efficacy of a novel hybrid cooling method, 'Sapphire Contact Air Cooling,' which combines contact cooling and non-contact air cooling. The objective is to enhance cooling efficiency during laser treatments, thereby minimizing the risk of thermal damage and improving the safety profile of laser procedures. To achieve this, an experimental setup was designed using ex-vivo pig skin to compare and analyze the effectiveness of the 'Sapphire Contact Air Cooling' method. Four cooling conditions were tested: control (non-cooling), air only, contact only, and Both contact and air cooling. After laser exposure, the skin surface temperature was measured, and the degree of tissue damage was evaluated through histopathological examination. The study employed the 1550nm Er:Glass laser with energy settings of 30mJ, 50mJ, and 70mJ under the four different cooling conditions. Infrared thermal imaging was used to monitor the skin surface temperature in real-time, while Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was performed to assess the extent of tissue damage at the histological level. Results indicated that the hybrid cooling method significantly reduced the skin surface temperature compared to other cooling techniques. The combination of contact cooling and air cooling provided a synergistic effect, enhancing the overall cooling efficiency. Histopathological analysis revealed that the 'Sapphire Contact Air Cooling' method effectively minimized thermal damage to the epidermis and dermis, suggesting its potential to improve the safety and efficacy of laser treatments for atrophic acne scars. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the 'Sapphire Contact Air Cooling' method offers a superior cooling solution for 1550nm Er:Glass laser treatments. By effectively reducing skin temperature and minimizing thermal damage, this hybrid cooling technique can contribute to safer and more effective laser procedures, ultimately benefiting patients undergoing treatment for atrophic acne scars. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to validate these findings and explore the broader applications of this innovative cooling method in dermatological laser treatments.
레이저를 이용한 피부노화 치료는 피부과 영역에서 널리 알려진 시술이다. 레이저는 파장에 따라 흡수되는 발색단이 달라 선택적으로 대상을 치료할 수 있는 장점이 있어 치료 분야가 확대되고 있다. 이중 1550nm Er:Glass 레이저는 여드름 흉터 중 atrophic acne scar 치료에 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 레이저에 의한 열 반응으로 피부 온도가 과하게 올라갈 경우 피부 표면의 화상을 비롯한 부작용을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 냉각을 통한 표피 보호가 필수적이다. 이러한 부작용의 위험성에도 불구하고 그동안 여드름 흉터에 대중적으로 사용되는 1550nm Er:Glass의 피부 냉각에 대한 연구가 부재했으며 냉매 가스를 이용한 피부 냉각과 에어 쿨링을 이용한 쿨링 방식, 수냉식 컨택 쿨링에 대한 비교 분석 연구는 존재했어도 쿨링 방식들의 조합에 따른 하이브리드 쿨링에 대한 비교 분석 연구는 부족했다. 본 연구에서는 열에너지를 이용한 레이저 시술 시 쿨링의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 contact cooling과 non-contact air cooling을 결합한 hybrid 쿨링 방식인 ‘사파이어 컨택 에어 쿨링’의 효과에 대해서 검증해 보았으며 레이저 치료 시 안전성 확보에 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 실험 방법은 ‘사파이어 컨택 에어 쿨링’의 효과에 대해서 비교 분석하기 위하여 ex-vivo pig skin을 이용하여 Control (No cooling), air only, contact only, both contact and air cooling 총 4가지를 이용했으며 레이저 조사 후 피부 표면의 온도 분석과 조직 손상 정도에 대한 병리 형태학적 조사를 함께 했다. 이를 위해 4가지 쿨링 조건 하에 1550nm Er:Glass 레이저의 에너지를 30mJ, 50mJ, 70mJ로 실험했으며 각 실험 조건을 적외선 열화상 카메라와 H&E stain 분석을 통해 치료효과를 분석했다.