Healthcare Interventions for Children Using Nonimmersive Virtual Reality: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review

Abstract

Introduction: Nonimmersive virtual reality (NIVR), a computer- generated virtual reality experience wherein users are not fully immersed, has been increasingly used in pediatric healthcare. This study aimed to identify the effects of NIVR-based interventions for children. Method: A mixed methods systematic review of relevant studies published until December 2023 was conducted. We included samples of healthy children and those with chronic conditions or disabilities, fi ndings related to self-management or social skills, and the NIVR interventions applied. A convergent-integrated design was used for the synthesis. Results: This review included 22 studies, of which 15 examined children having autism spectrum disorders. Utilizing NIVR was found to be effective in enhancing social skills. Participating in virtual communities with peers having similar conditions was determined to facilitate social support and identity exploration. Discussion: Healthcare interventions using NIVR need to be explored further to improve self-management and social skills in children with various conditions.