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Prevalence, clinical significance, and persistence of autoantibodies in COVID-19

Authors
 Se Ju Lee  ;  Taejun Yoon  ;  Jang Woo Ha  ;  Jinnam Kim  ;  Ki Hyun Lee  ;  Jung Ah Lee  ;  Chang Hyup Kim  ;  Sang-Won Lee  ;  Jung Ho Kim  ;  Jin Young Ahn  ;  Nam Su Ku  ;  Jun Yong Choi  ;  Joon-Sup Yeom  ;  Su Jin Jeong 
Citation
 VIROLOGY JOURNAL, Vol.20(1) : 236, 2023-10 
Journal Title
VIROLOGY JOURNAL
Issue Date
2023-10
MeSH
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Autoantibodies* ; COVID-19* / epidemiology ; Clinical Relevance ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Oxygen ; Prevalence ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I
Keywords
Anti-nuclear antibody ; Anti-phospholipid antibody ; Autoantibody ; COVID-19
Abstract
Background: Interest in complications and sequelae following Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is increasing. Several articles have reported COVID-19-associated autoimmune diseases and the association between autoantibodies and the severity of COVID-19. Thromboembolic complications are frequent in patients with COVID-19, and the anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) is frequently detected. We conducted this study to investigate the prevalence, clinical significance, and persistence of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and aPLs in COVID-19.

Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with COVID-19 with oxygen demand and admitted to a tertiary hospital in South Korea between July 2020 and March 2022. ANA and aPLs levels were assessed using an immunoassay kit.

Results: A total of 248 patients were enrolled in the study. Among them, five patients were ANA-positive, and 41 were aPL-positive (IgM anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibody in seven patients, IgG aCL in seven patients, IgM anti-β2Glycoprotein1 antibody (aβ2-GPI) in 32 patients, and IgG aβ2-GPI in one patient). Two of five ANA-positive patients, 13 of 32 IgM aβ2-GPI-positive patients, 5 of 7 IgM aCL-positive patients, and 2 of 7 IgG aCL-positive patients were eligible for follow-up analysis, and 100%, 69.2%, 40%, and 50% of the patients remained autoantibody-positive, respectively. There were no differences in clinical outcomes between the autoantibody-positive and autoantibody-negative groups, except for the IgG aCL group showing a tendency for worse outcomes.

Conclusion: A significant proportion of COVID-19 patients with oxygen demand were autoantibody-positive, and autoantibodies persisted for several months after symptom onset. Whether these autoantibodies are related to long-term sequelae in COVID-19 patients requires further investigation.
Files in This Item:
T202306776.pdf Download
DOI
10.1186/s12985-023-02191-z
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Ku, Nam Su(구남수) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9717-4327
Kim, Jung Ho(김정호) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5033-3482
Kim, Jin Nam(김진남)
Ahn, Jin Young(안진영) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3740-2826
Yeom, Joon Sup(염준섭) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8940-7170
Lee, Ki Hyun(이기현)
Lee, Sang-Won(이상원) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8038-3341
Lee, Se Ju(이세주)
Lee, Jung Ah(이정아)
Jeong, Su Jin(정수진) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4025-4542
Choi, Jun Yong(최준용) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-3315
Ha, Jang Woo(하장우)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/197660
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