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Environmental Enrichment Upregulates Striatal Synaptic Vesicle-Associated Proteins and Improves Motor Function

Authors
 Suk-Young Song  ;  Minji Chae  ;  Ji Hea Yu  ;  Min Young Lee  ;  Soonil Pyo  ;  Yoon-Kyum Shin  ;  Ahreum Baek  ;  Jung-Won Park  ;  Eun Sook Park  ;  Ja Young Choi  ;  Sung-Rae Cho 
Citation
 FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY, Vol.9(465) : 1-14, 2018 
Journal Title
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
Issue Date
2018
Keywords
enriched environment ; synaptic plasticity ; synaptic vesicle ; transport ; exocytosis
Abstract
Environmental enrichment (EE) is a therapeutic paradigm that consists of complex combinations of physical, cognitive, and social stimuli. The mechanisms underlying EE-mediated synaptic plasticity have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of EE on synaptic vesicle-associated proteins and whether the expression of these proteins is related to behavioral outcomes. A total of 44 CD-1®
(ICR) mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned to either standard cages or EE (N = 22 each). Rotarod and ladder walking tests were then performed to evaluate motor function. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of EE, we assessed differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the striatum by proteomic analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and
immunohistochemistry were conducted to validate the expressions of these proteins. In the behavioral assessment, EE significantly enhanced performance on the rotarod and ladder walking tests. A total of 116 DEPs (54 upregulated and 62 downregulated proteins) were identified in mice exposed to EE. Gene ontology (GO) analysis demonstrated that the upregulated proteins in EE mice were primarily related to biological processes of synaptic vesicle transport and exocytosis. The GO terms for these biological processes commonly included Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2B (SV2B), Rabphilin-3A, and Piccolo. The qRT-PCR and western blot analyses revealed that EE increased the expression of SV2B, Rabphilin-3A and Piccolo in the striatum compared to the control group. Immunohistochemistry showed that the density of Piccolo in the vicinity of the subventricular zone was significantly increased in the EE mice compared with control mice. In conclusion, EE upregulates proteins associated with synaptic vesicle transport and exocytosis such as SV2B, Rabphilin-3A and Piccolo in the striatum. These upregulated proteins may be responsible for locomotor performance improvement, as shown in rotarod and ladder walking tests. Elucidation of these changes in synaptic protein expression provides new insights into the mechanism and potential role of EE.
Full Text
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2018.00465/full
DOI
10.3389/fneur.2018.00465
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine (재활의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Park, Eun Sook(박은숙) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9144-3063
Shin, Yoon Kyum(신윤겸) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-660X
Cho, Sung-Rae(조성래) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-2684
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/162638
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