Low bone mineral density and low serum vitamin D levels are associated with low skeletal muscle mass in early stage chronic kidney disease

Abstract

We previously identified that chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 was strongly associated with sarcopenia. However, few studies have investigated sarcopenia in early-stage CKD. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and analyze the factors associated with low skeletal muscle mass by focusing on bone mineral density (BMD) in early-stage CKD population. This cross-sectional study included the participants aged ≥55 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008？2010. As results, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 30.0% in control group and 38.4% in CKD in men. In control group, total hip BMD, serum vitamin D, insulin resistance, and total energy intake were associated with skeletal muscle mass in men, while total hip BMD, vitamin D, and total energy intake were associated with skeletal muscle mass in women. Meanwhile, in CKD group, only total hip BMD was associated with muscle mass in men, while total hip BMD and vitamin D level were associated with muscle mass in women. In conclusion, low hip BMD and low serum vitamin D levels are closely associated with low skeletal muscle mass in patients with early-stage CKD.