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Ophthalmological manifestations in patients with Leigh syndrome

Authors
 Jinu Han  ;  Young-Mock Lee  ;  Sang Myung Kim  ;  So Young Han  ;  Jong Bok Lee  ;  Sueng-Han Han 
Citation
 BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, Vol.99(4) : 528-535, 2015 
Journal Title
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
ISSN
 0007-1161 
Issue Date
2015
MeSH
Age of Onset ; Blepharoptosis/diagnosis* ; Blepharoptosis/genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Leigh Disease/diagnosis* ; Leigh Disease/genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mitochondrial Diseases/diagnosis* ; Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics ; Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics ; Mutation ; Nystagmus, Pathologic/diagnosis* ; Nystagmus, Pathologic/genetics ; Optic Atrophy/diagnosis* ; Optic Atrophy/genetics ; Prognosis ; Retinitis Pigmentosa/diagnosis* ; Retinitis Pigmentosa/genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Strabismus/diagnosis* ; Strabismus/genetics ; Visual Fields
Keywords
Genetics ; Muscles ; Optic Nerve
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To describe the ophthalmological manifestations in patients with childhood onset Leigh syndrome (LS) and investigate the correlation between genotypes and phenotypes in patients with LS.

METHODS: Childhood onset LS was clinically and enzymatically confirmed in a total of 63 patients. Among them, 44 patients who underwent ophthalmologic consultation were included in this study. Patients with LS underwent genotyping for the whole genome of mitochondrial DNA and SURF1 mutations. The clinical demographic and ophthalmologic phenotypes were compared between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group.

RESULTS: Strabismus (40.9%) was the most frequently observed ophthalmologic manifestation, followed by pigmentary retinopathy (22.5%), optic atrophy (22.5%), ptosis (15.9%), and nystagmus (13.6%). Thirteen patients were exotropes and five patients were esotropes. The mean exodeviation was 29.6±12.5 prism dioptres (PD) and the mean esodeviation was 24.0±8.9 PD. All patients with esotropia reported disease onset at <1 year old. Among 26 patients older than 4 years, eight (30.8%) patients had better than 0.4 in the best eye was noted. Eyelid ptosis was a main presenting sign in four patients (9.1%). Among these patients, two patients had m.13513G>A mutation in the MT-ND5 gene. Age at onset was 2.47±2.06 years in the good prognosis group and 0.92±0.98 years in the poor prognosis group (p=0.002). Serum lactate peak concentration was 3.23±1.36 mmol/L in the good prognosis group and 4.54±2.31 mmol/L in the poor prognosis group (p=0.051).

CONCLUSIONS: LS is a group of mitochondrial disorders with variable ophthalmologic manifestations, the most frequent being strabismus in this study. Ptosis could be an initial sign in patients with LS and these patients can be easily misdiagnosed as having juvenile myasthenia gravis.
Full Text
http://bjo.bmj.com/content/99/4/528.long
DOI
10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305704
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Ophthalmology (안과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Pediatrics (소아과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Lee, Young Mock(이영목) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-249X
Lee, Jong Bok(이종복)
Han, So Young(한소영)
Han, Seung Han(한승한) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8972-4790
Han, Jinu(한진우) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-6625
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/139725
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