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Treatment of upper eyelid retraction related to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using subconjunctival triamcinolone injections

Authors
 Sung Jun Lee  ;  Tyler Hyung Taek Rim  ;  Sun Young Jang  ;  Chan Yun Kim  ;  Dong Yeob Shin  ;  Eun Jig Lee  ;  Sang Yeul Lee  ;  Jin Sook Yoon 
Citation
 GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Vol.251(1) : 261-270, 2013 
Journal Title
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
ISSN
 0721-832X 
Issue Date
2013
MeSH
Adult ; Aged ; Conjunctiva ; Eyelid Diseases/classification ; Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy* ; Eyelid Diseases/etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage ; Glucocorticoids/adverse effects ; Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use* ; Graves Ophthalmopathy/complications ; Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Injections, Intraocular ; Intraocular Pressure/drug effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/adverse effects ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/therapeutic use* ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Young Adult
Keywords
Eyelid retraction ; Eyelid swelling ; Triamcinolone ; Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
To evaluate the efficacy of subconjunctival triamcinolone injection for treating upper eyelid retraction caused by thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).
METHODS:
Prospective single blind randomized clinical trial. Patients diagnosed with TAO-associated eyelid retraction and/or swelling <6 months before study onset were randomly assigned to triamcinolone-injected (group I; 55 patients, 75 eyes) or observation-only (group II; 40 patients, 59 eyes) populations. Group I received 1-3 injections of 20 mg triamcinolone acetate into the subconjunctival eyelid, between the conjunctiva and Muller's muscle, at 3-week intervals. Group I was followed up at 3, 6, 9, and 24 weeks post-injection, and group II was evaluated at 9 and 24 weeks after initial visit. Eyelid swelling and retraction were each graded on a 0-3 scale. Treatment was stopped after 1-2 injections if both swelling and retraction resolved completely or if retraction and swelling scored 0/1 or 1/0 without functional or cosmetic patient concerns. Treatment success was defined at 9 and 24 weeks post-injection if eyelids were normal or when treatment was terminated because of early clinical resolution. We compared baseline clinical data between success and failure group evaluated at 9 and 24 weeks in group I, and investigated short-term and long-term success prognostic factor using multiple logistic regression analysis in each group I and II.
RESULTS:
Swelling and retraction decreased significantly more in group I than in group II. Significantly more eyes had severe swelling (≥ grade 2) in group I (67 %) than in group II (34 %) upon initial evaluation (p < 0.01); this difference disappeared at 9 and 24 weeks. Fewer severely retracted eyes were observed in group I than in group II at 9 and 24 weeks (p < 0.01). Significantly more eyes in group I achieved success at both 9 and 24 weeks (59 %, 75 %) than in group II (39 %, 57 %) (p = 0.03, p = 0.04 respectively). Higher initial retraction grades (2-3) predicted a higher chance of post-injection failure versus the reference group (grade 0-1) at 9 and 24 weeks in group I, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 45.4 (95 % CI = 5.9-351.1, p < 0.01) and aOR 11.6 (95 % CI = 2.3-58.5, p < 0.01) respectively. Similarly in group II, initial retraction grade was associated with the failure at 9 and 24 weeks, with aOR 10.3 (95 % CI = 1.8-59.6, p < 0.01) and aOR 5.9 (95 % CI = 1.3-25.9, p < 0.05) respectively. Transient intraocular pressure elevation was observed in three eyes of two patients, although all ocular pressures were normalized within 1 month using anti-glaucoma medication.
CONCLUSIONS:
Subconjunctival triamcinolone injections were very effective in resolving eyelid swelling and retraction in recent-onset TAO. However, the symptom-reducing effect of triamcinolone was modest and less effective in patients initially presenting with severe retraction grades. As intraocular pressure may rise after steroid injection at upper eyelid, the treatment should be avoided in patients suspected to have glaucoma.
Full Text
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00417-012-2153-y
DOI
10.1007/s00417-012-2153-y
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Ophthalmology (안과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Chan Yun(김찬윤) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8373-9999
Shin, Dong Yeob(신동엽) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1048-7978
Yoon, Jin Sook(윤진숙) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8751-9467
Lee, Sang Yeul(이상열)
Lee, Eun Jig(이은직) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-8370
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/86234
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