Managing Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Protocol for a Scoping Review of Patient Perceptions, Barriers, and Facilitators

Abstract

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a major global health concern, affecting over 30% of adults worldwide. Closely associated with metabolic comorbidities such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia, MASLD relies heavily on health behavior modification for effective management. However, sustaining healthy behaviors remains challenging, particularly due to the disease's asymptomatic nature in its early stages and low perceived severity among patients. Thus, understanding patient perceptions and identifying barriers and facilitators are essential for developing effective, patient-centered interventions. Objective: This scoping review protocol aims to systematically map the existing literature on patients' perceptions of MASLD and to identify barriers and facilitators that influence disease management and patient engagement. Methods: This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. A systematic search will be conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO by using MeSH terms and keywords such as "MASLD," "NAFLD," "perception," "awareness," "attitude," "barriers," and "facilitators." Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data using a standardized charting form, and resolve discrepancies through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. Eligible studieswill include adults with MASLD/NAFLD and will focus on patient perceptions, health beliefs, behaviors, or barriers and facilitators to management. Data synthesis will be guided by the socioecological model to categorize findings across individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels. Results: The research protocol was finalized in January 2026. This study received no external funding. A preliminary literature search was conducted by January 30, 2026, and formal screening of titles and abstracts is scheduled to begin in February 2026. Data extraction and synthesis are expected to be completed by April 2026. The final results are anticipated to be submitted for publication in the summer of 2026. Conclusions:This scoping review will offer a comprehensive overview of patients' perceptions of MASLD, as well as the barriers and facilitators that influence its management. The results will inform the development of patient-centered strategies aimed at improving care delivery and reducing disease impact. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/81404