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Effects of particulate matter exposure on the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 receptor in ocular surface tissues and cells

Authors
 Xiangzhe Li  ;  Xuemin Li  ;  Boram Kang  ;  Youngsub Eom  ;  Hyung Keun Lee  ;  Dong Hyun Kim  ;  Jingxiang Zhong  ;  Jong Suk Song 
Citation
 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH, Vol.31(6) : 8768-8780, 2024-02 
Journal Title
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
ISSN
 0944-1344 
Issue Date
2024-02
MeSH
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / metabolism ; Animals ; COVID-19* / metabolism ; Conjunctiva / metabolism ; Humans ; Particulate Matter / metabolism ; Rats ; SARS-CoV-2*
Keywords
ACE2 ; CD147 ; Ocular surface ; Particulate matter ; SARS-CoV-2
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has been reported to be one of the risk factor for COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, although the ocular surface is deeply affected by both PM exposure and SARS-COV-2 infection, no studies have investigated the effects of PM exposure on the ocular route of SARS-COV-2 infection. To this end, we explored the effects of PM on the expression of SARS-COV-2-associated receptors and proteins in ocular surface. Herein, short- and long-term PM-exposed rat models were established by topically administering PM for 3 and 10 days, respectively. Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCjECs) were exposed to PM. ACE2, TMPRSS2, CD147, and ADAM17 expression levels were measured by western blot analysis. Our results show that short-term PM exposure had little effect on the expressions of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and CD147 in ocular surface tissues. However, long-term PM exposure decreased the ACE2 expression in conjunctival tissues and increased the CD147 expression in corneal or conjunctival tissues. PM exposure reduced the ACE2 expression by increasing the ADAM17 expression and ACE2 shedding level in HCECs and HCjECs. Our findings suggest that long-term PM exposure down-regulate the expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 in conjunctival tissues through ADAM17-dependent ACE2 shedding. However, long-term PM exposure up-regulates the expression of another SARS-CoV-2 receptor CD147 in ocular surface tissues, accompanied by ocular surface damage and cytotoxicity. This study provides a new insight into uncovering potential risk factors for infection with SARS-CoV-2 via the ocular route.
Full Text
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-023-31607-0
DOI
10.1007/s11356-023-31607-0
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Ophthalmology (안과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Lee, Hyung Keun(이형근) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1123-2136
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/201886
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