Clinical factors influencing knowledge and self-care practice among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aim: The objective of the study was to determine the clinical factors associated with knowledge and self-care practice among adults living with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design.

Methods: A convenience sample of 330 participants was recruited over 3-months in 2018 and data were collected using a structured instrument.

Results: Participants on insulin treatment modality had four times higher odds of knowledge on diabetes (B = 4.17, p = 0.023) while those on combined therapy (both oral hypoglycaemic agent and insulin) had 7.26 times higher odds of knowledge (B = 7.26, p < 0.001). Participants without medically confirmed diabetic complications had 3.66 higher odds of knowledge of diabetes (B = 3.66, p = 0.002). Participants on insulin treatment modality had a 1.4-fold higher odds of self-care practice (B = 1.4, p = 0.028). It was revealed that participants with hypertension and diabetic foot had lower odds of self-care practice (B = -1.13, p = 0.021).

Conclusion: In particular, participants who were on insulin and combined therapy (tablet and insulin) had higher knowledge and better self-care practice. Self-care was significantly influenced among those with, than those without diabetic foot and hypertension as complications.