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Empirically identified dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome risk in a prospective cohort study: The Cardiovascular Disease Association Study

Authors
 Youngjun Kim  ;  Yu-Mi Kim  ;  Min-Ho Shin  ;  Sang-Baek Koh  ;  Hyeon Chang Kim  ;  Mi Kyung Kim 
Citation
 CLINICAL NUTRITION, Vol.41(10) : 2156-2162, 2022-10 
Journal Title
CLINICAL NUTRITION
ISSN
 0261-5614 
Issue Date
2022-10
MeSH
Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology ; Diet ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sodium ; Vegetables
Keywords
Cluster analysis ; Dietary pattern ; Factor analysis ; Metabolic syndrome ; Population-based cohort study
Abstract
Background & aims: Dietary pattern is a comprehensive assessment of diet that may reflect the interrelationships between foods. Analysis on actual dietary pattern and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk are insufficient. This study examined the prospective association between empirically identified dietary patterns and MetS risk in adults aged 40 years or older.

Methods: A total of 11,305 participants (58,318 person-years) without MetS were followed. Predefined 37 food/food groups from the 106-item food frequency questionnaire were used in factor analysis to identify dietary patterns. Subsequently, we conducted a hierarchical clustering analysis of group participants based on their dietary pattern scores. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a modified Poisson regression model with a robust error estimator.

Results: We identified three similar, but not identical, dietary patterns in men and women separately. The "vegetables/seaweeds" and "meat/poultry/seafood" patterns and MetS risk were associated differently between men and women; in men, the association with MetS risk was inverse for "vegetables/seaweeds" but U-shaped in the "meat/poultry/seafood" pattern, whereas it was positive and inverse in women, respectively. The "non-traditional/non-staple foods" pattern was inversely associated in both men and women. Three and four clusters of the three dietary patterns were observed in men and women, respectively. A cluster in women with a high "vegetables/seaweeds" score (cluster 2) showed higher incidence rate ratios of MetS compared with all other clusters.

Conclusions: In the present study, the "non-traditional/non-staple foods" dietary pattern is possibly beneficial in the development of MetS in both men and women, while the "vegetables/seaweeds" pattern, if their sodium amount is not controlled, may be harmful in the development of MetS among women.
Full Text
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261561422002837
DOI
10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.038
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Preventive Medicine (예방의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Hyeon Chang(김현창) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-1240
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/192905
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