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"Hairiness" is a Facsimile of Reorganized Cytoskeletons: A Cytopathic Effect of Coxiella burnetii

Authors
 Won Young Lee 
Citation
 YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol.60(10) : 890-897, 2019-10 
Journal Title
YONSEI MEDICAL JOURNAL
ISSN
 0513-5796 
Issue Date
2019-10
MeSH
Animals ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes / microbiology ; B-Lymphocytes / ultrastructure ; Coxiella burnetii / physiology* ; Coxiella burnetii / ultrastructure ; Cytoskeleton / metabolism* ; Cytoskeleton / ultrastructure ; Humans ; Mutation / genetics ; Q Fever / microbiology ; Q Fever / pathology
Keywords
Coxiella burnetii ; C. burnetii-induced hairy cell ; cytoskeleton ; anti-apoptosis ; hairy cell leukemia
Abstract
In 1993, I reported that Coxiella burnetii transforms human B cells into hairy cells (cbHCs), the first hairy cell reported outside of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Over last few decades, advances in molecular biology have provided evidence supporting that C. burnetii induces hairiness and inhibits the apoptosis of host cells. The present review summarizes new information in support of cbHC. C. burnetii was shown to induce reorganization of the cytoskeleton and to inhibit apoptosis in host cells. Peritoneal B1a cells were found to be permissive for virulent C. burnetii Nine Mile phase I (NMI) strains in mice. C. burnetii severely impaired E-cad expression in circulating cells of Q fever patients. B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma was linked to C. burnetii. Mutation of BRAF V600E was pronounced in HCL, but "hairiness" was not linked to the mutation. Risk factors shared among coxiellosis and HCL in humans and animals were reported in patients with Q-fever. Accordingly, I propose that C. burnetii induces reorganization of the cytoskeleton and inhibits apoptosis as cytopathic effects that are not target cell specific. The observed hairiness in cbHC appears to be a fixed image of dynamic nature, and hairy cells in HCL are distinct among lymphoid cells in circulation. As the cytoskeleton plays key roles in maintaining cell structural integrity in health and disease, the pathophysiology of similar cytopathic effects should be addressed in other diseases, such as myopathies, B-cell dyscrasias, and autoimmune syndromes.
Files in This Item:
T9992019249.pdf Download
DOI
10.3349/ymj.2019.60.10.890
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Microbiology (미생물학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Lee, Won Young(이원영)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/189251
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