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Functional outcomes after sphincter-preserving surgeries for low-lying rectal cancer: A review

Authors
 Eun Jung Park  ;  Seung Hyuk Baik 
Citation
 PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE, Vol.5(4) : 164-174, 2021-12 
Journal Title
PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE
ISSN
 2508-7940 
Issue Date
2021-12
Keywords
Fecal incontinence ; Postoperative complications ; Rectal neoplasms ; Risk factors ; Sexual dysfunction, physiological
Abstract
Sphincter preservation and organ restoration during rectal cancer surgery avoids permanent stoma creation and diminishes psychosocial damages. However, decreased rectal volumes and sphincter dysfunction—including pelvic nerve damage—results in low anterior resection syndrome, as well as urinary and sexual dysfunction after rectal resection. Bowel habit changes such as fecal incontinence, fecal urgency, frequent bowel movements, clustered stools, and difficulties in bowel emptying can be treated using medications, pelvic floor rehabilitation, sacral neuromodulation, or neorectal reservoir reconstruction. Pelvic nerve damage resulting from superior and inferior hypogastric plexi during sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery can induce urologic and sexual dysfunctions. Preoperative voiding difficulty, perioperative blood loss, and autonomic nerve injury are considered independent risk factors for postoperative urinary dysfunction. Retrograde ejaculation and erectile dysfunction, female dyspareunia, and vaginal dryness are manifestations of sexual dysfunction resulting from autonomic nerve injury during rectal cancer surgery. Multifactorial causes for functional outcomes after sphincter- preserving surgeries are considered to improve patient’s quality of life with acceptable oncologic outcomes in the treatment of rectal cancer patients.
Files in This Item:
T202124911.pdf Download
DOI
10.23838/pfm.2021.00142
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Surgery (외과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Park, Eun Jung(박은정) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-2690
Baik, Seung Hyuk(백승혁) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-2332
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/187587
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