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Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and surgical outcomes of secondary macular hole after vitrectomy

Authors
 Hyun Goo Kang  ;  Jae Yong Han  ;  Eun Young Choi  ;  Suk Ho Byeon  ;  Sung Soo Kim  ;  Hyoung Jun Koh  ;  Sung Chul Lee  ;  Min Kim 
Citation
 SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, Vol.9(1) : 19535, 2019 
Journal Title
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Issue Date
2019
Abstract
Secondary macular hole(MH) formation after vitrectomy is rare and its risk factors and pathogenesis are not clearly understood. This retrospective study was conducted to identify the risk factors of this complication and assess outcomes at 2 tertiary centres. The primary outcomes were the clinical characteristics associated with development of secondary MH, which included the primary diagnosis for initial vitrectomy, features on optical coherence tomography, and adjuvant surgical techniques used during the initial surgery. Secondary outcomes included the change in best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), clinical factors associated with the need for re-operations for MH closure and prognostic factors for the visual outcomes. Thirty-eight eyes out of 6,354 cases (incidence 0.60%) developed secondary MH after undergoing vitrectomy for various vitreoretinal disorders over an 11-year period, most frequently after initial surgery for retinal detachment(RD) (9 eyes) and secondary epiretinal membrane (6 eyes). The mean age was 57.1 years (range: 17.8-76.7), and the mean follow-up was 51.1 months (range: 6.8 to 137.6). Prior to secondary MH formation, development of ERM was the most common OCT feature (19 eyes, 50%), and no cases of cystoid macular oedema (CME) were observed. A greater proportion of eyes with secondary MH had long axial lengths (32% ≥26 mm vs 5% of eyes ≤22 mm). MH closure surgery was performed in 36 eyes and closure was achieved in 34 (success rate 94%, final BCVA 20/86), with ≥3-line visual gain in 18 cases. BCVA at MH onset (OR = 0.056, P = 0.036), BCVA at post-MH surgery month 3 (OR = 52.671, P = 0.011), and axial length ≥28 mm (OR = 28.487, P = 0.030) were associated with ≥3-line visual loss; a history of macula-off RD (OR = 27.158, P = 0.025) was associated with the need for multiple surgeries for MH closure. In conclusion, secondary MH occurs rarely but most commonly after vitrectomy for RD. Patients with axial length ≥28 mm and poor BCVA at 3 months post-operation may have limited visual prognosis; those with a history of macula-off RD may require multiple surgeries for hole closure.
Files in This Item:
T201905886.pdf Download
DOI
10.1038/s41598-019-55828-x
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Ophthalmology (안과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kang, Hyun Goo(강현구) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-9618
Koh, Hyoung Jun(고형준) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-8516
Kim, Min(김민) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1873-6959
Kim, Sung Soo(김성수) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-7993
Byeon, Suk Ho(변석호) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0830
Lee, Sung Chul(이성철) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9438-2385
Choi, Eun Young(최은영) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1668-6452
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/175225
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