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Unique Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Allopurinol-Induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions

Authors
 Hye Jung Park  ;  James Yun  ;  Dong Yoon Kang  ;  Jung-Won Park  ;  Young-Il Koh  ;  Sujeong Kim  ;  Sae Hoon Kim  ;  Young Hee Nam  ;  Yi Yeong Jeong  ;  Cheol-Woo Kim  ;  Hye-Kyung Park  ;  Sang Hyon Kim  ;  Hye-Ryun Kang  ;  Jae-Woo Jung  ;  Drug Allergy Work Group of KAAACI 
Citation
 JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE, Vol.7(8) : 2739-2749.e3, 2019 
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
ISSN
 2213-2198 
Issue Date
2019
Keywords
Allopurinol ; Drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms ; Severe cutaneous adverse reaction ; Stevens-Johnson syndrome ; Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Abstract
BACKGROUND:

Allopurinol is the most common cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) in Korea due to the relatively high prevalence of the HLA-B*58:01 genotype (8%-13%).

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to reveal the clinical characteristics and risk factors for death in allopurinol-induced SCARs in Korea.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 106 subjects with allopurinol-induced SCARs and 639 subjects with other drug-induced SCARs who were enrolled in the Korean SCARs Registry (collected from 34 nationwide medical institutions) from January 2010 to December 2015.

RESULTS:

Subjects with allopurinol-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) were older and had more comorbidities, longer latent periods, longer disease durations, more deranged laboratory findings, and increased disease severity resulting in a higher mortality rate (17.6% vs 7.6%; P = .020) compared with the subjects with other drug-induced SCARs. There was no significant difference in age or mortality in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Subjects with allopurinol-induced SJS/TEN were older and had shorter latent periods and a higher mortality rate (17.6% vs 3.7%; P = .044) than those with allopurinol-induced DRESS. In allopurinol-induced SJS/TEN, significant risk factors for death included chronic renal insufficiency, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, increased blood urea nitrogen levels on admission day, serum peak eosinophil counts, baseline and peak creatinine levels, baseline and peak alanine aminotransferase levels, and decreased lowest platelet counts. In allopurinol-induced DRESS, significant risk factors for death included ICU admission and increased glucose levels on admission day.

CONCLUSIONS:

Allopurinol-induced SCARs have unique characteristics and poor prognoses with important predictive factors of death.
Full Text
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219819305434
DOI
10.1016/j.jaip.2019.05.047
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Park, Jung Won(박중원) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-8749
Park, Hye Jung(박혜정) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1862-1003
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/174603
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