Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine mediating effects of pleasurable activities on the relationship
between depression and suicidal ideation among the elderly moderated by living arrangement such as those living
alone (LA) versus those living with others (LWO). Methods: This study is a cross-sectional and correlational design
using secondary data analysis of the 2017 Korean National Survey on the Elderly (2,416 for the LA group, and 6,106
for the LWO group). Logistic regression analysis was conducted comparing effects of pleasurable activities on
suicidal ideation between the two groups. Results: For suicidal ideation, there were significant differences in suicidal
ideation by sex, religion, and senior center visits in the LA group, while the LWO group had no significant differences
identified. Both groups showed significantly different associations of suicidal ideation by socioeconomic status,
gathering, meaningful interaction, and depression. Senior center visits were statistically significant in the LA group,
while there was not significant in the LWO group. Conclusion: Visiting senior centers can reduce suicidal ideation
of the LA group. To prevent suicidal ideation of the elderly living alone, mental health specialists should provide
community-cooperative environments to address these issues, especially LA elderly.