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How Long Does Antimycobacterial Antibiotic-loaded Bone Cement Have In Vitro Activity for Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis?

Authors
 Lee, Jae Hoo  ;  Han, Chang Dong  ;  Cho, Sang-Nae  ;  Yang, Ick Hwan  ;  Lee, Woo Suk  ;  Baek, Seung-Hun  ;  Shin, Jae Won  ;  Husein, Khalid Elfadil Ibrahim  ;  Park, Kwan Kyu 
Citation
 CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH, Vol.475(11) : 2795-2804, 2017 
Journal Title
CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH
ISSN
 0009-921X 
Issue Date
2017
MeSH
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/chemistry ; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination/pharmacology* ; Antitubercular Agents/chemistry ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology* ; Bone Cements/chemistry ; Bone Cements/pharmacology* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drug Carriers* ; Drug Liberation ; Humans ; Mass Spectrometry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development ; Streptomycin/chemistry ; Streptomycin/pharmacology* ; Time Factors ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/drug therapy* ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/microbiology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic-loaded bone cement is accepted as an effective treatment modality for musculoskeletal tuberculosis. However, comparative information regarding combinations and concentrations of second-line antimycobacterial drugs, such as streptomycin and amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, are lacking.

QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: (1) In antibiotic-loaded cement, is there effective elution of streptomycin and Augmentin® (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid) individually and in combination? (2) What is the antibacterial activity duration for streptomycin- and amoxicillin and clavulanic acid -loaded cement?

METHODS: Six different types of bone cement discs were created by mixing 40 g bone cement with 1 or 2 g streptomycin only, 0.6 g or 1.2 g Augmentin® (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid) only, and a combination of 1 g streptomycin plus 0.6 g amoxicillin and clavulanic acid and 2 g streptomycin plus 1.2 g amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Five bone discs of each type were incubated in phosphate buffered saline for 30 days with renewal of the phosphate buffered saline every day. The quantity of streptomycin and/or amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in eluates were measured by a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system, and the antimycobacterial activity of eluates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, were calculated by comparing the minimal inhibitory concentration of each eluate with that of tested drugs using broth dilution assay on microplate.

RESULTS: Streptomycin was detected in eluates for 30 days (in 1 g and 2 g discs), whereas 1.2 g amoxicillin and clavulanate eluted until Day 7 and 0.6 g amoxicillin and clavulanate until Day 3. All eluates in streptomycin-containing discs (streptomycin only, and in combination with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid) had effective antimycobacterial activity for 30 days, while amoxicillin and clavulanate-only preparations were only active until Day 14. The antimycobacterial activity of eluates of 2 g streptomycin plus 1.2 g amoxicillin and clavulanate were higher than those of discs containing 1 g streptomycin plus 0.6 g amoxicillin and clavulanate until Day 3, without differences (Day 3, 1 g streptomycin plus 0.6 g amoxicillin and clavulanate: 17.5 ± 6.85 ug/mL; 2 g streptomycin plus 1.2 g amoxicillin and clavulanate: 32.5 ± 16.77 ug/mL; p = 0.109). After Day 7, however, values of the two combinations remained no different than that of Day 30 (Day 30, 1 g streptomycin plus 0.6 g amoxicillin and clavulanate: 0.88 ± 0.34 ug/mL; 2 g streptomycin plus 1.2 g amoxicillin and clavulanate: 0.59 ± 0.94 ug/mL; p = 0.107).

CONCLUSIONS: Streptomycin, in the form of antibiotic-loaded bone cement, had effective elution characteristics and antimycobacterial effects during a 30-day period, whereas amoxicillin and clavulanate only had effective elution and antimycobacterial characteristics during the early period of this study. The two drugs did not interfere with each other during the elution test.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This research revealed that combinations of streptomycin and amoxicillin and clavulanate mixed with bone cement are effective for 30 days. Further trials to determine various different combinations of drugs are necessary to improve the effectiveness of treatments for musculoskeletal tuberculosis.
Full Text
http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&AN=00003086-201711000-00031&LSLINK=80&D=ovft
DOI
10.1007/s11999-017-5470-y
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Microbiology (미생물학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery (정형외과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Park, Kwan Kyu(박관규) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-3257
Shin, Jae Won(신재원) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6656-6336
Yang, Ick Hwan(양익환)
Lee, Woo Suk(이우석) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-1660
Lee, Jae Hoo(이재후)
Cho, Sang Nae(조상래)
Han, Chang Dong(한창동)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/161463
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