The Role of Systemic Arterial Stiffness in Open-Angle Glaucoma with Diabetes Mellitus

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Authors: Seong Hee Shim ; Chan Yun Kim ; Joon Mo Kim ; Da Yeong Kim ; Yang Jae Kim ; Jeong Hun Bae ; Ki Chul Sung

MeSH: Adult ; Aged ; Ankle Brachial Index/methods ; Arteries/physiopathology* ; Blood Flow Velocity/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology* ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Pulsatile Flow/physiology ; Pulse Wave Analysis/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Stiffness/physiology*

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the role of systemic arterial stiffness in glaucoma patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

PARTICIPANTS: DM subjects who underwent brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were recruited.

METHODS: Glaucoma patients (n = 75) and age-matched control subjects (n = 92) were enrolled. Systemic examination including BaPWV and detailed eye examination were performed. The glaucoma group was divided into subgroups of normal tension glaucoma (NTG, n = 55) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) based on an IOP of 21 mmHg. BaPWV was used to stratify the population into 4 groups based on the rate. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis by baPWV quartiles was used to compare the glaucoma group with the control group.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BaPWV in glaucoma with DM patients.

RESULTS: Faster baPWV was positively associated with glaucoma (odds ratio: 3.74; 95% CI: 1.03-13.56, stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis) in patients with DM. Increasing baPWV was also positively associated with glaucoma (p for trend = 0.036). The NTG subgroup showed similar results to those of the glaucoma group.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, increased arterial stiffness was shown to be associated with glaucoma and may contribute to the pathogenesis of glaucoma in DM patients.