Effect of topographical nanopatterning on osteoblastic differentiation

Abstract

Surface topographies have been demonstrated to have an effect in various types of cells because living cells can sense the local geometry of extracellular matrix to control their own shape, activation, differentiation, motility, and fate. For instance, the surface modifications of dental implants have an influence on their success by modulating osteoblastic differentiation in vivo. Even now, the ongoing studies has been continued to develop the good surface topography that improves bone deposition with an earlier and longer functional implant. However, no one sought the rule of topography to enhance the differentiation of osteoblast.

In this study, various topographical groove patterned trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylates (TPT) were made and selected to enhance the differentiation of osteoblast with preosteoblast cells such as murine MC3T3-E1 cells, human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell, and human periodontal ligament stem cells. Osteoblastic differentiation was evaluated by mineralization using Alizarin red S. staining and the mRNA expression of osteoblastic markers. In addition, a groove pattern was analyzed mechanism by which strengthens the differentiation of osteoblasts.

As results, the differentiation of osteoblasts on the specific groove pattern was enhanced compared to the nonpattern in terms of differentiation time, the amount of osteogenic factors (about a half dose), or in the condition of a tenth seeding condition (about one tenth number). The ERK phosphorylation and the type I collagen expression of cells on the specific groove pattern were upregulated, suggesting that a tensile stress might affect the differentiation of osteoblast.

Taken together, these results suggest that a specific topographical groove pattern could enhance osteogenesis, even though sub-optimal condition as for nonpattern, through tensile stress and might be good dental and orthopedic materials.