Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails* ; Bone Screws ; Diaphyses/diagnostic imaging ; Diaphyses/surgery ; External Fixators* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Tibia/diagnostic imaging ; Tibia/surgery* ; Torque* ; X-Ray Microtomography
Keywords
Fracture ; diaphysis ; external fixation ; tibia
Abstract
PURPOSE: The authors have observed a failure to achieve secure fixation in elderly patients when inserting a half-pin at the anteromedial surface of the tibia. The purpose of this study was to compare two methods for inserting a half-pin at tibia diaphysis in elderly patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty cadaveric tibias were divided into Group C or V. A half-pin was inserted into the tibias of Group C via the conventional method, from the anteromedial surface to the interosseous border of the tibia diaphysis, and into the tibias of Group V via the vertical method, from the anterior border to the posterior surface at the same level. The maximum insertion torque was measured during the bicortical insertion with a torque driver. The thickness of the cortex was measured by micro-computed tomography. The relationship between the thickness of the cortex engaged and the insertion torque was investigated.
RESULTS: The maximum insertion torque and the thickness of the cortex were significantly higher in Group V than Group C. Both groups exhibited a statistically significant linear correlation between torque and thickness by Spearman's rank correlation analysis.
CONCLUSION: Half-pins inserted by the vertical method achieved purchase of more cortex than those inserted by the conventional method. Considering that cortical thickness and insertion torque in Group V were significantly greater than those in Group C, we suggest that the vertical method of half-pin insertion may be an alternative to the conventional method in elderly patients.