일부 산업장 보건교육 실태

Abstract

[한글]

1957년 대한석탄공사에서 광산근로자들에 대한 건강진단이 실시된 이래 산업보건활동이 시작되었으나, 1976년 진폐증 유병율이 2.3 ∼ 4.9%에 이르고 1978년에 근로자들에 대한 산업보건에 관한 의식조사에서 직업병에 대해 잘 알지도 못하고 들어본 일도 없다는 근

로자가 47%나 된다는 사실은 이들에 대한 보건교육의 필요성을 나타내고 있다. 산업장 근로자들에 대한 보건교육 실시 실태에 대해서는 조사된바 없어 저자는 실태파악과 아울러 기초자료률 수집코저 본 조사를 실시하였다.

조사대상은 산업장의 보건교육을 담당하고 있는 보건관리자 또는 보건관리요원과 이에 준하는 해당직원으로 했으며, 산업장 근로자들에 대한 건강진단을 실시하는 모연구소를 통하여 건강진단과 병행하여 면접조사를 실시하고 전국의 1,000명이상의 기업에는 우편을 통하여 설문을 회수받었다.

조사내용은 기업의 규모, 교육실시 여부. 교육실시시기, 교육의 방법, 교육내용, 미실시의 이유 등이었고 기업의 규모나 유해작업부서의 근로자수별, 교육담당자별. 경영진의 관심도별로의 비교를 실시하였다. 총 자료수는 364건으로 조사결과는 다음과 같다.

1. 보건교육의 실시여부는 기업의 규모가 클수록 유해작업부서의 근로자가 많을수록 경영진의 관심도가 높을수록 교육담당자의 근무년한이 많을수록 실시율이 높아지는 경향을 보였다.

2. 교육의 실시시기는 500명이상의 기업에서는 필요시와 의무실 방문시에, 50명이상 500명미만의 기업에서는 휴식시와 필요시에, 50명미만의 기업에서는 식사시기와 출퇴근시기에 실시하는 경향이 높았다.

3. 교육의 방법에서는 기업의 규모, 경영진의 관심도, 교육담당자에 관계없이 공히 강의식과 인쇄매체이용이 많은 빈도를 보였다.

4. 교육의 내용에 있어서는 기업의 규모나 유해작업부서 근로자수에 관계없이 일반건강 및 질병에 대한 내용과 응급처치가 많은 빈도를 보였다.

5. 교육미실시의 이유로서는 여건의 부적당과 전문인력자원 및 교재부족이 가장 많았다.

Study on Heal th Education Implementation for Korean Industrial Workers

Cheon, Yong Hee

Department of Public Health Graduate School

Yonsei University

(Directed by Professor Moon, Young Han)

Frankly speaking the actual health seroice for industrial workers in Korea was

initiated through the health examination for coal miners on 1957. Thereafter, the

prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis among workers was found out as 2.3-4.9% on 1976.

Looking at health education aspect, 47% of workers responded as they were ignore

about occupational diseases in knowledge, attitude and behavior study for them.

From this fact it is easily emphasized that heal th education activity should be

urgently carried out in the industrial field. Therefore the author tried to plan

and obtain the basic data on health education implementation in the industrial

field in Korea through the sampling survey.

The interview survey was performed for health workers to whom health examination

was carried out by the Institute of Industrial Health, Yonsei University on one

hand, and on the other hand the mailing survey was done for industrial factories in

the country where more than 1,000 workers were working.

The items of survey was consisted of size of the factory, time, methods, contents

of health education and reasons for neglecting health education.

The result of the study are summarized as below.

1. The rate of education implementation was higher as size of industries were

larger, the number of workers working in hazard environment was larger, the

interest of manager was higher, the period of employment of health worker was

longer.

2. The time of education was like below. In the industries employing below 50

workers, when workers go on duty and left one's work site. In the industries

employing more than 50 workers and below 500 workers, when educator feels need and

workers rest. In the industries employing more than 500 workers, when educator

feels need and workers visit health service center.

3. The lecture and printed material were used more frequently in whole industries

as method of education.

4. The general health problem and emergency care were contained more frequently

as the content of health education in whole industries.

5. The reasons for neglecting health education were inappropriate condition,

insufficient manpower and teaching material in more than 50%.

[영문]

Frankly speaking the actual health seroice for industrial workers in Korea was initiated through the health examination for coal miners on 1957. Thereafter, the prevalence rate of pneumoconiosis among workers was found out as 2.3-4.9% on 1976.

Looking at health education aspect, 47% of workers responded as they were ignore about occupational diseases in knowledge, attitude and behavior study for them.

From this fact it is easily emphasized that heal th education activity should be urgently carried out in the industrial field. Therefore the author tried to plan and obtain the basic data on health education implementation in the industrial field in Korea through the sampling survey.

The interview survey was performed for health workers to whom health examination was carried out by the Institute of Industrial Health, Yonsei University on one hand, and on the other hand the mailing survey was done for industrial factories in the country where more than 1,000 workers were working.

The items of survey was consisted of size of the factory, time, methods, contents of health education and reasons for neglecting health education.

The result of the study are summarized as below.

1. The rate of education implementation was higher as size of industries were larger, the number of workers working in hazard environment was larger, the interest of manager was higher, the period of employment of health worker was longer.

2. The time of education was like below. In the industries employing below 50 workers, when workers go on duty and left one's work site. In the industries employing more than 50 workers and below 500 workers, when educator feels need and workers rest. In the industries employing more than 500 workers, when educator

feels need and workers visit health service center.

3. The lecture and printed material were used more frequently in whole industries as method of education.

4. The general health problem and emergency care were contained more frequently as the content of health education in whole industries.

5. The reasons for neglecting health education were inappropriate condition, insufficient manpower and teaching material in more than 50%.