Evaluation of surface treated implant with nanotitania

Abstract

Evaluation of surface treated implant with nanotitania Dental implants are valuable devices for restoring lost teeth. Implants are available in various shapes, sizes and length using a variety of materials with different surface properties. At this moment, nanotechnology has emerged with several techniques to modify implant surfaces. In addition, some evaluation techniques at the nano level are contributing important information regarding tissue and cell interactions with the implanted material. Increased knowledge of the early healing events at the nano level may help to understand the sequence of events at bone-implant interfaces and provide guidelines for the further development of osseointegrated implant surfaces.The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the bone responses to 3 different types of 4.1-mm-diameter, 10mm-long implant surfaces on a dog femur model: 1) Sand blasted with alumina and Acid etched (SA), 2) Resorbable blast media (RBM), functioning as control groups, and 3) Anode oxidation nano-titana (Anodized TiO2) surface implants as experimental group.Implants were placed in the femurs of 3 adult male dogs. Eight weeks after the surgical placement of the implants, the animals were sacrificed. After this period, the animals were sacrificed, and the femurs were extracted and histologically processed to obtain decalcified sections. Computed tomography images of each sample were obtained and two-dimensional bone density was analyzed using Dataviewer program. Two longitudinal ground sections were made for each implant and analyzed under light microscopy coupled to a computerized system for histomorphometry. Removal torque was only evaluated in the 4 and 8-week experimental groups. A histological evaluation of the specimens in this study showed that osseointegration was achieved for all control and experimental group after a healing period of 4 and 8 weeks. The following means were obtained for bone-implant contact (BIC) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 85.16%, 38.88%; RBM: 41.62%, 58.87%; and Anodized TiO2: 43.85%, 61.3%. The following means were obtained for bone volume (BV) percentage for 4 and 8-week groups, respectively: SA: 34.48%, 51.55%; RBM: 58.56%, 81.56%; and Anodized TiO2: 47.22%, 63.53%. In this study, 8-week consolidated Anodized TO2 surface implants showed increased removal torque value (RTV) compared to that of the 4-week group. The obtained RTV means were 86.0 and 99.7Ncm, respectively, for 4 and 8-week Anodized TiO2 implants. The present study showed that osseointegration occurred in all investigated types of surface-treated implants. However, the control groups showed slight increase in the BIC and BIV values compared to those of the experimental groups.