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An anatomic study on the upper lip elevator muscles in Koreans for application of botulinum toxin

Other Titles
 Botulinum Toxin 적용을 위한 한국인 윗입술 올림근육의 국소 해부 
Authors
 황우상 
Issue Date
2007
Description
Dept. of Dental Science/석사
Abstract
[한글]

본 연구에서는 미소시에 윗입술을 거상하는데에 관여하는 위입술올림근(LLS), 위입술콧방울올림근(LLSAN), 작은광대근(ZMi), 큰광대근(ZMj)의 해부학적인 분포 및 주행 방향을 알아봄으로써 한국인의 웃음과 관련된 해부학적인 특징을 확인하고자 하였으며, 입술 근육 과활성이 원인인 gummy smile의 치료를 위해 botulinum toxin(BTX)을 사용할 경우 여러 표지점을 통해 간단하면서도 안전한 주입점을 제안하고자 하였다.해부학 실습으로 사용한 고정된 한국인 시신 25구(남자: 13 여자: 12 평균 연령: 71)의 얼굴 50쪽을 대상으로 하였다. 맨눈 해부를 통해 4가지 위입술올림근들을 노출시킨 뒤 형태학적인 관계, 분포, 주행 방향 등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.1. LLS의 닿는 곳이 LLSAN과 ZMi에 의해 부분적으로 덮인 경우가 31쪽(62.0%), 완전히 덮인 경우가 19쪽(38%)에서 관찰되었다.2. LLS의 형태는 fan, rectangular, trapezoidal shape로 다양하게 관찰되었다. Rectangular shape이 72.0%(36쪽)에서 관찰되어 가장 흔한 형태였으며, fan과 trapezoidal shape는 각각 16.0%(8쪽), 12.0%(6쪽)에서 관찰되었다.3. 근육의 주행 방향이 중심선과 이루는 평균 각도는 LLS는 25.8±4.8°, ZMi는 55.7±6.4°, 그리고 ZMj는 31.7±4.9°였다. 이 세 근육 간의 차이는 통계학적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 각도 계측치에서 좌우, 성별에 따른 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 발견되지 않았다.4. 근육의 주행 방향이 좌우 대칭 분포를 보이는 경우가 LLS는 22구(88%), ZMi는 21구(84%), 그리고 ZMj는 24구(96%)에서 관찰되었다.5. LLSAN, LLS, ZMi 세 근육이 모두 지나가는 영역은 ala, midpoint of nasolabial fold between ala and commissure, maxillary point located on cheek one quarter distance between ala and temporomandibular joint의 세 지점에 의해 이루어지는 삼각형의 영역으로 나타났다. 이 삼각형의 중심이 BTX 주입을 위한 적절한 주입점이 될 것으로 사료된다.





[영문]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution, morphological characteristics, and direction of muscle fibers of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle(LLSAN), levator labii superioris muscle(LLS), zygomaticus minor muscle(ZMi), and zygomaticus major muscle(ZMj) in Koreans, and when injecting botulinum toxin(BTX) to weaken the LLSAN, LLS, and ZMi in gummy smile patients, to propose an easy and reproducible injection point through simple surface landmarks. 50 hemi-faces from 25 Korean adult cadavers (male 13, female 12, average age 71(47~88)) were used for the study. The topographic relations, direction of muscle fibers, and injection point for BTX were measured using specific surface landmarks. The following conclusions were drawn from the study.1. The insertion of the LLS was partially covered by the LLSAN and ZMi in 31 hemi-faces (62.0%) and was entirely covered in 19 hemi-faces (38.0%).2. The shapes of the LLS were various; fan, rectangular, and trapezoidal shapes were observed. The rectangular shape was the most common showing a prevalence of 72.0% (36 hemi-faces) and the fan and trapezoidal shapes were seen in 16.0%(8 hemi-faces) and 12.0% (6 hemi-faces), respectively.3. The mean angle between the facial midline and each muscle vector was 25.8±4.8° for the LLS, 55.7±6.4° for the ZMi, and 31.7±4.9° for the ZMj. There was a statistically significant difference between the three muscles. No significant differences in angular measurements could be found between the male and female subjects or left and right sides.4. Symmetric distribution was found in 22 subjects(88%) for the LLS. 21 subjects(84%) had symmetric distribution of the ZMi, and the ZMj was symmetric in 24 subjects(96%).5. The area the LLSAN, LLS, and ZMi passes through was identified as the triangular region formed by three points, the ala, midpoint of nasolabial fold between ala and commissure, and maxillary point located on cheek one quarter distance between ala and temporomandibular joint. The center of this triangle would be the appropriate injection point for botulinum toxin.
Files in This Item:
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Appears in Collections:
2. College of Dentistry (치과대학) > Others (기타) > 2. Thesis
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/123883
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