지지적 집단간호가 하지골절 환자의 신체상(Body image)에 미치는 영향

Abstract

[한글]

본 연구는 하지골절 환자의 신체상이 정상인의 신체상과 치이가 있는지를 파악하고, 지지적 집단간호가 하지골절 환자의 신체상을 긍정적으로 변화시킬 수 있는지를 규명하기 위하여 시도된 유사실험 설계이다.

연구 대상자로는 실험군의 경우엔 S 군병원 정형외과에 입원하고있는 하지골절 환자를 모집단으로 하여 선정기준에 따라 임의표출한 44명이었고, 대조군은 B 군부대 장병을 모집단으로 하여 선정기준에 따라 임의표출한 44명을 대상자로 하였다.

실험군일 하지골절 환자에게는 지지적 집단간호를 제공하였으며 실험군, 대조군 모두에게 사전, 사후검사를 실시하였다.

연구 도구는 연구대상자들의 신체상을 측정하기 위하여 Secord와Jourard가 제작한 신체만족도 도구와 본 연구자가 제작한 신체의미 측정도구를 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 신체만족도 도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's α = .95, 신체의미 측정도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's α = .89로 산출되었다.

자료수집 기간은 1984년 10월 12일부터 24일까지 총 12일간 이었다.

수집된 자료는 전산 통계처리 하였다. 자료분석 방법으로는, 일반적 특성은 실수와 백분율을 구하였으며 실험군, 대조군 간의 유사성검정을 위해서는 x**2-test를 사용하였다.

가설 검정을 위해서는 t-test를 사용하였다. 추가분석으로 일반적 특성에 따른 신체상의 차이를 분석하기 위해 ANOVA를 사용하였으며, 신체만족도 도구와 신체의미 측정도구의 상관관계를 파악하기 위해 Pearson Correlation Coefficient를 산출하였다.

본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.

1. 실험군과 대조군의 일반적 특성 간에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (P>.05)

2. 제 1 가설 : "하지골절 환자의 신체상은 정상인의 신체상과 차이가 있을 것이다."는 지지되었다(신체만족도 t = 6.91, p<.001, 신체의미 t = 5.66, p<.001).

3. 제 2 가설 : "지지적 집단간호를 받은 후 하지골절 환자의 신체상은 지지적 집단간호를 받기 전 하지골절 환자의 신체상과 차이가 있을 것이다. "는 지지되었다(신체만족도 t = 5.90, p<.001, 신체의미 t = 4.45, p<.001).

4. 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 신체상은 모두 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>·05)

5. 신체만족도 도구와 신체의미 측정도구로 측정한 점수 간의 상관관계는 1) 실험군과 대조군을 합한 전 대상자에게서는 r = .744(p<.001)로 산출되어 두 도구가 비교적 높은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2) 실험군에서는 r=.738(p<.001), 대조군에선 r=.532(p<.001)로 산출되어 두 도구가 중정도 이상의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

결론적으로, 하지골절 환자의 신체상은 정상인의 신체상과 차이가 있으며, 지지적 집단간호는 하지골절 환자의 신체상을 긍정적인 방향으로 변화시키는데 유의하게 작용하였음을 알 수 있다.

THE EFFECT OF SUPPORTIVE GROUP NURSING CARE ON BODY IMAGE OF THE PATIENT WITH LOWER

LIMB FRACTURE.

Jung, Chu Ja

Department of Nursing The Graduate School Yonsei University

(Directed by Porfessor OH, Ka Sil, Ph.D.)

This study was attempted to identify the difference between body image of the

patients with lower limb fracture and that of normal persons, and to examine if

supportive group nursing care could offer an apportunity for positive change in

body image of the patient with lower limb fracture under the Quasi-experimental

design.

The subjects for this study were obtained by taking convenient sample of

soldiers, the experimental group were 44 lower limb fractured patients hospitalized

on the orthopedic surgery unit in S Army General Hospital, while the control group

were 44 normal enlisted men serving in the B Army regiment.

Supportive group nursing care was given to the lower limb fractured patients who

belong to the experimental group. Pre-and post-tests were administered to the

experimental and the control group.

The instruments to measure body image of the subjects were body Cathexis Scale

developed by Second and Jourard (1953) and Body Meaning Scale developed by the

reseacher. The reliability coefficients by Cronhach's α-test were .95 in body

Cathexis Scale and .89 in Body Meaning Scale in this study.

Data for this study were collected over a period of 12 days from the 12th to the

24th of October, 1984 by the questionnaire.

Data were analyzed by computer. Frequency, Percentage and x**2-test were used to

examine general characteristics of the subjects. t-test was used to analyze the

hypothesis. Analysis of variance was used to test the difference. in body image

between groups classified by the general characteristics. Pearson Correlation

Coefficient was used to identify the correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and

Body Meaning Scale.

The results of this study were as follows :

1. No significant difference was found between the experimental and the control

group on general characteristics of the subjects (p>.05).

2. Hypotheses Ⅰ; "There will be a difference in body image between patients with

lower limb fracture and normal persons." was supported (Body Cathexis t=6.91.

p<.001, Body Meaning t=5.66, p<.001).

3. Hypotheses Ⅱ; "There will be a difference in body image of patients with

lower limb fracture between after and before. supportive group nursing care was

provided," was supported (Body Cathexis t=5.90, p<.001, Body Meaning t=4.45,

p<.001).

4. There was no significant difference in body image between groups classified by

the general characteristics (p>.05).

5. The correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and Body Meaning Scale; It was

reported that Body Cathexis Scale correlated with Body Meaning Scale in total

subjects of the experimental and control group (r=.744, p<.001). That is, there was

relatively high correlation between two scales. Body Cathexis Scale correlated with

Body Meaning Scale in the experimental group (r=.738, p<.001) and in the control

group (r=.532, p<.001). That is, there was more than moderate correlation between

two scales.

In conclusion, it was found that there was a difference in body image between

patients with lower limb fracture and normal persons, and supportive group nursing

care offered an opportiunity for positive change in body image of the patient with

lower limb fracture.

[영문]

This study was attempted to identify the difference between body image of the patients with lower limb fracture and that of normal persons, and to examine if supportive group nursing care could offer an apportunity for positive change in body image of the patient with lower limb fracture under the Quasi-experimental

design.

The subjects for this study were obtained by taking convenient sample of soldiers, the experimental group were 44 lower limb fractured patients hospitalized on the orthopedic surgery unit in S Army General Hospital, while the control group were 44 normal enlisted men serving in the B Army regiment.

Supportive group nursing care was given to the lower limb fractured patients who belong to the experimental group. Pre-and post-tests were administered to the experimental and the control group.

The instruments to measure body image of the subjects were body Cathexis Scale developed by Second and Jourard (1953) and Body Meaning Scale developed by the reseacher. The reliability coefficients by Cronhach's α-test were .95 in body

Cathexis Scale and .89 in Body Meaning Scale in this study.

Data for this study were collected over a period of 12 days from the 12th to the 24th of October, 1984 by the questionnaire.

Data were analyzed by computer. Frequency, Percentage and x**2-test were used to examine general characteristics of the subjects. t-test was used to analyze the hypothesis. Analysis of variance was used to test the difference. in body image

between groups classified by the general characteristics. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to identify the correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and Body Meaning Scale.

The results of this study were as follows :

1. No significant difference was found between the experimental and the control group on general characteristics of the subjects (p>.05).

2. Hypotheses Ⅰ; "There will be a difference in body image between patients with lower limb fracture and normal persons." was supported (Body Cathexis t=6.91. p<.001, Body Meaning t=5.66, p<.001).

3. Hypotheses Ⅱ; "There will be a difference in body image of patients with lower limb fracture between after and before. supportive group nursing care was provided," was supported (Body Cathexis t=5.90, p<.001, Body Meaning t=4.45,p<.001).

4. There was no significant difference in body image between groups classified by the general characteristics (p>.05).

5. The correlation between Body Cathexis Scale and Body Meaning Scale; It was reported that Body Cathexis Scale correlated with Body Meaning Scale in total subjects of the experimental and control group (r=.744, p<.001). That is, there was

relatively high correlation between two scales. Body Cathexis Scale correlated with Body Meaning Scale in the experimental group (r=.738, p<.001) and in the control group (r=.532, p<.001). That is, there was more than moderate correlation between

two scales.

In conclusion, it was found that there was a difference in body image between patients with lower limb fracture and normal persons, and supportive group nursing care offered an opportiunity for positive change in body image of the patient with lower limb fracture.