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Foveal ganglion cell layer damage in ischemic diabetic maculopathy: correlation of optical coherence tomographic and anatomic changes

Authors
 Suk Ho Byeon  ;  Young Kwang Chu  ;  Hun Lee  ;  Sang Yeop Lee  ;  Oh Woong Kwon 
Citation
 OPHTHALMOLOGY, Vol.116(10) : 1949-8, 2009 
Journal Title
OPHTHALMOLOGY
ISSN
 0161-6420 
Issue Date
2009
MeSH
Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis* ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography* ; Fourier Analysis ; Fovea Centralis/pathology* ; Humans ; Ischemia/diagnosis* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology* ; Retinal Vessels/pathology* ; Tomography, Optical Coherence* ; Visual Acuity
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe the morphologic features of ischemic diabetic maculopathy by high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and their correlation with the damaged foveal avascular zone (FAZ) on fluorescein angiography (FA).

DESIGN: Observational case series.

PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty-four eyes of 63 patients with diabetic retinopathy and acceptable FA and OCT images were studied. Twenty-three normal fellow eyes of 23 nondiabetic patients with unilateral acute central serous choroidopathy also were studied.

METHODS: High-speed Fourier-domain OCT was used with a speckle noise-reduction technique to obtain detailed horizontal and vertical images through the center of the fovea and horizontal raster scans every 100 microm. Foveal ganglion cell layer (GCL) damage was identified on OCT as an evident difference in foveal thickness and contour compared with a normal fovea or as asymmetry within the fovea. Fluorescein angiography was performed by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (HRA 2; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), and FAZ damage visible during the FA arterial phase was graded according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) FA grading system. Correlations were sought between foveal GCL damage identified on OCT and FA capillary dropout sites.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Foveal GCL damage on OCT, the size of the foveola on OCT (defined as the area of GCL thickness <10 microm), ETDRS grading of FAZ on FA, and visual acuity.

RESULTS: Among the 124 eyes with diabetic retinopathy, 62 (50%) had FA evidence of either FAZ damage higher than grade 1 or FAZ capillary loss. In these eyes, damage to the FAZ seen on FA also could be detected on OCT (positive predictive value, 84.5%; negative predictive value, 72.9%), and locations of FAZ damage seen on FA corresponded well with sites of foveal GCL damage on OCT. In nondiabetic, normal eyes, the size of the foveola on OCT matched the size of the FAZ on FA.

CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of foveal GCL damage on OCT is a good indicator of macular ischemic damage in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Although in this study FA was more sensitive than OCT in detecting vascular damage, OCT provides objective results and seems to be a good noninvasive substitute for FA.
Full Text
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0161642009007416
DOI
10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.06.066
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Ophthalmology (안과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kwon, Oh Woong(권오웅)
Byeon, Suk Ho(변석호) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8101-0830
Lee, Sang Yeop(이상엽) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-7953
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/104528
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