Introduction: MTA has been studied for more than 15 years since it was introduced and developed at Loma Linda University. The purpose of this review was to present the current published papers regarding MTA's biologic properties and to provide a deep insight into the material's mechanisms of actions. Results: MTA has appeared to be biocompatible in many previous researches. In addition to that, it had a potential to increase cell reactions such as proliferation and differentiation, Recently, MTA like new endodontic materials has been introduced and marketed. Conclusions: On the basis of current evidences, MT A seems to be biocompatible. Meticulous studies need to be performed to adopt new endodontic materials into clinical applications