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Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders in a total population sample.

Authors
 Young Shin Kim  ;  Bennett L. Leventhal  ;  Yun-Joo Koh  ;  Eric Fombonne  ;  Eugene Laska  ;  Eun-Chung Lim  ;  Keun-Ah Cheon  ;  Soo-Jeong Kim  ;  Young-Key Kim  ;  HyunKyung Lee  ;  Dong-Ho Song  ;  Roy Richard Grinker 
Citation
 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, Vol.168(9) : 904-912, 2011 
Journal Title
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
ISSN
 0002-953X 
Issue Date
2011
MeSH
Child ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/diagnosis ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/epidemiology* ; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education, Special/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intelligence ; Mainstreaming (Education)/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Republic of Korea ; Sex Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Experts disagree about the causes and significance of the recent increases in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Limited data on population base rates contribute to this uncertainty. Using a population-based sample, the authors sought to estimate the prevalence and describe the clinical characteristics of ASDs in school-age children.

METHOD: The target population was all 7- to 12-year-old children (N=55,266) in a South Korean community; the study used a high-probability group from special education schools and a disability registry and a low-probability, general-population sample from regular schools. To identify cases, the authors used the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire for systematic, multi-informant screening. Parents of children who screened positive were offered comprehensive assessments using standardized diagnostic procedures.

RESULTS: The prevalence of ASDs was estimated to be 2.64% (95% CI=1.91-3.37), with 1.89% (95% CI=1.43-2.36) in the general-population sample and 0.75% (95% CI=0.58-0.93) in the high-probability group. ASD characteristics differed between the two groups: the male-to-female ratios were 2.5:1 and 5.1:1 in the general population sample and high-probability group, respectively, and the ratios of autistic disorders to other ASD subtypes were 1:2.6 and 2.6:1, respectively; 12% in the general-population sample had superior IQs, compared with 7% in the high-probability group; and 16% in the general-population sample had intellectual disability, compared with 59% in the high-probability group.

CONCLUSIONS: Two-thirds of ASD cases in the overall sample were in the mainstream school population, undiagnosed and untreated. These findings suggest that rigorous screening and comprehensive population coverage are necessary to produce more accurate ASD prevalence estimates and underscore the need for better detection, assessment, and services.
Full Text
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleID=116570
DOI
10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10101532
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Psychiatry (정신과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Young Key(김영기)
Song, Dong Ho(송동호) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9647-3130
Cheon, Keun Ah(천근아) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7113-9286
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/93946
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