Diffusion characteristics and efficacy of letibotulinum toxin a in forehead wrinkle treatment

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Authors: Young In Lee ; Nam Hao Chau ; Jemin Kim ; Yujin Baek ; Ngoc Ha Nguyen ; Jihee Kim ; Ju Hee Lee

MeSH: Adult ; Aged ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / administration & dosage ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / adverse effects ; Botulinum Toxins, Type A* / pharmacokinetics ; Cosmetic Techniques* / adverse effects ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Forehead ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuromuscular Agents* / administration & dosage ; Neuromuscular Agents* / adverse effects ; Neuromuscular Agents* / pharmacokinetics ; Skin Aging* / drug effects ; Treatment Outcome

Keywords: Diffusion ; botulinum toxin ; controlled trial ; forehead wrinkle ; split-face

Abstract: Background: Facial wrinkles, caused by aging and repetitive muscle contractions, are commonly treated with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A). However, excessive toxin diffusion can cause side-effects like muscle weakness.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the diffusion, efficacy, and safety of letibotulinum toxin A with two other BoNT-A products for treating forehead wrinkles.

Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, split-face controlled trial, 20 participants with moderate-to-severe horizontal forehead wrinkles received letibotulinum toxin A on one side and prabotulinum or onabotulinum toxin A on the other. The primary outcome was diffusion profile assessed via anhidrosis area (iodine-starch test at 2 weeks); secondary outcomes included wrinkle reduction, assessed by photographic analysis, and safety.

Results: Results show that letibotulinum toxin A exhibited diffusion patterns and wrinkle-reduction efficacy comparable to the control products. No statistically significant differences were observed be-tween the groups for the primary or secondary outcomes.

Conclusion: Letibotulinum toxin A is a safe, effective alternative for wrinkle treatment, potentially minimizing excessive diffusion risks and related side effects, making it a valuable addition to available treatment options.