Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its relationship to depression among Korean adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional study

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Citation: TAIWANESE JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY, Vol.64(2) : 319-324, 2025-03

Journal Title: TAIWANESE JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY(Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology)

MeSH: Adolescent ; Body Image / psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression* / epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Premenstrual Syndrome* / epidemiology ; Premenstrual Syndrome* / psychology ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea / epidemiology

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of PMS and depressive symptoms and to determine their association among Korean adolescent girls using a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Materials and methods: The Korean Study of Women's Health Related Issues (K-Stori)was used. Of the 3000 adolescent girls aged 14-17 years, the study subjects were 2970 girls after menarche. Depressive symptom was assessed with the PHQ-9. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate factors associated with depressive symptom.

Results: The prevalence of PMS was 70.5 %. Irritability (43.8 %), abdominal bloating (32.8 %), and breast tenderness (27.5 %) were the most predominant symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptom was 15.5 %. Girls with PMS were more likely to be depressed than those who did not experience PMS (OR, 1.70; CI, 1.31-2.20). BMI was not associated with depressive symptom. However, a significant association was noted between satisfaction with one's body image and depressive symptom. Ever-smokers were more likely to be depressed than never-smokers (OR, 1.64; CI, 1.10-2.45).

Conclusions: PMS were significantly associated with depressive symptom. PMS should be taken into account in the management of depression. Our study emphasized the significance of a multidisciplinary approach.