Analysis of Smoking Cessation Success Factors According to Gender among Users of the Seoul Metropolitan’s Health Center Smoking Cessation Clinics
Authors
인주연
College
Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원)
Department
Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원)
Degree
석사
Issue Date
2024-02
Abstract
배경 및 목적 보건소 금연클리닉은 2005년부터 전국에서 제공된 대표적인 금연지원서비스이나, 여성 이용자가 적고 여성의 성공률이 낮다. 최근 금연클리닉의 금연성공률은 2015년 43.5%에 비해 2018년 35.0%로 낮아지는 추세에 있어, 금연성공률을 높이기 위한 전략이 필요하다. 최근 여성 금연 성공요인을 분석한 연구는 찾아보기 어려웠다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 코로나19 대유행 직전 서울시 보건소 금연클리닉 이용자를 대상으로 6개월 금연 성공 요인을 남녀로 구분하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 연구 대상자는 금연서비스 통합정보시스템에 등록되어 있는 보건소 금연클리닉 이용자로서 2015년 1월 1일에서 2019년 12월 31일까지 서울시 25개구 보건소 금연클리닉에 등록한 20세 이상 성인 남녀 346,332명(남성 301,024명)의 인구사회학적 특성, 흡연 관련 특성, 서비스 이용 횟수 관련 특성의 분포와 6개월 금연성공률을 알아보고, 남녀의 금연 성공 관련요인을 로지스틱 회귀분석하였다. 연구결과 금연클리닉 등록자는 남성이 86.9%, 여성이 13.1%였으며, 남녀 모두 60대 이상이 각각 21.4%, 21.7%로 가장 많았다. 상담 서비스 이용 횟수 남 8.0회, 여 7.4회, 6개월 금연성공률 남 32.2%, 여 27.5%로 남성이 높았다(p<0.001). 높은 연령, 높은 교육 수준, 비음주, 운동 미시행, 성인기 첫 흡연, 짧은 총 흡연 기간, 비교적 적은 하루 평균 흡연량, 금연 시도 이력, 낮은 니코틴 의존도, 여러 번의 상담 횟수(1-10회에 비해 11-15회 상담 시 금연 성공 OR 남 6.82(6.65~6.99), 여 6.74(6.59~7.25))가 남성과 여성의 공통적인 금연 성공 요인으로 나타났다. 직업 중 사무직에서 금연성공률이 높다는 점이 남녀에서 모두 유의하였으나, 학생의 경우 남성에서만 유의하였다. 금연동기, 금연자신감, 금연준비는 남성과 여성 모두 유의하지 않았다. 결론 금연클리닉 이용자의 금연성공요인에 있어 남녀의 차이는 크지 않았으며, 상담 횟수가 많을수록 성공률이 높아, 이를 반영한 프로그램 개선이 필요할 것이다. 여성의 경우 금연클리닉 이용률이 남성에 비해 매우 낮아, 여성의 이용을 증가시킬 수 있는 특화된 접근성 개선 및 상담 전략 개발에 대해 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.
Background and Purpose Public health center smoking cessation clinics are representative smoking cessation support services provided nationwide since 2005, but there are few female users and the success rate among women is low. Recently, the smoking cessation success rate at smoking cessation clinics has been decreasing from 43.5% in 2015 to 35.0% in 2018, so strategies are needed to increase the smoking cessation success rate. Recently, it has been difficult to find studies analyzing the success factors for women's smoking cessation. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to investigate the success factors for 6-month smoking cessation among users of smoking cessation clinics at public health centers in Seoul just before the COVID-19 pandemic, divided into men and women. Methods The subjects of the study were users of public health center smoking cessation clinics registered in the integrated smoking cessation service information system. 346,332 adult men and women aged 20 years or older (301,024 men) registered at smoking cessation clinics at public health centers in 25 districts of Seoul from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking-related characteristics, and smoking cessation clinic use-related characteristics distribution and 6-month smoking cessation success rate were examined, and a logistic regression analysis was performed on factors related to smoking cessation success in men and women. Results Those registered at the smoking cessation clinic were men (86.9%) and women (13.1%), and for both men and women, those in their 60s or older accounted for the most at 21.4% and 21.7%, respectively. The number of counseling services used was 8.0 times for men and 7.4 times for women, and the 6-month smoking cessation success rate was higher for men at 32.2% for men and 27.5% for women (p<0.001). Older age, higher level of education, non-drinking, not exercising, smoking for the first time as an adult, short total smoking period, relatively low average daily smoking, history of smoking cessation attempt, low nicotine dependence, multiple counseling sessions (11-15 compared to 1-10) The OR for successful smoking cessation during counseling was 6.82 (6.65-6.99) for men and 6.74 (6.59-7.25) for women, which was found to be a common success factor for quitting smoking among men and women. It was significant for both men and women that the success rate of smoking cessation was high in office workers, but for students, it was only significant for men. Motivation to quit smoking, confidence to quit smoking, and preparation to quit smoking were not significant for both men and women. Conclusion There was no significant difference between men and women in terms of smoking cessation success factors for smoking cessation clinic users, and the more counseling sessions there were, the higher the success rate was, so improvement of the program to reflect this would be necessary. For women, the rate of use of smoking cessation clinics is much lower than for men, so ongoing research is needed to improve specialized accessibility and develop counseling strategies that can increase women's use.