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Genotype Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Prospective, Single-Center Study in Korea From 2019 to 2022

Authors
 Bonhyang Na  ;  Yu Jin Park  ;  Jieun Seo  ;  Miri Park  ;  Jee Yeon Baek  ;  Ji Young Lee  ;  Minyoung Kim  ;  Jong Gyun Ahn  ;  Seung Tae Lee  ;  Ji-Man Kang 
Citation
 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE, Vol.39(28) : e206, 2024-07 
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
ISSN
 1011-8934 
Issue Date
2024-07
MeSH
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use ; COVID-19* / epidemiology ; COVID-19* / virology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Viral / genetics ; Female ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype* ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mutation ; Palivizumab / therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Republic of Korea / epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* / epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* / virology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human* / genetics ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human* / isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2* / genetics ; SARS-CoV-2* / isolation & purification ; Whole Genome Sequencing*
Keywords
COVID-19 Pandemic ; Children ; Genotype ; Korea ; Nirsevimab ; Palivizumab ; RSV ; Resistance ; Suptavumab ; Whole-Genome Sequencing
Abstract
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a highly transmissible virus, is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections. We examined molecular changes in the RSV genome before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Korea, and investigated whether drug-resistant mutations were present.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center study, RSV-positive respiratory samples were collected between September 2019 and December 2022. Long-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed, and the presence of known drug-resistant substitutions for palivizumab, nirsevimab, and suptavumab was investigated.

Results: Overall, 288 respiratory samples were collected from 276 children. WGS data were available for 133 samples (71 and 62 samples from the pre- and post-pandemic periods, respectively). All RSV-A strains (n = 56) belonged to the GA2.3.5 (ON1) genotype, whereas all RSV-B strains (n = 77) belonged to the GB5.0.5a (BA) genotype. No significant differences in genotypes were observed between the pre- and post-pandemic periods. In addition, no notable mutations related to nirsevimab or palivizumab resistance were detected in the F gene. However, the L172Q and S173L substitutions, which are known to confer resistance to suptavumab, were present in all RSV-B samples.

Conclusion: Despite the unprecedented interruption of RSV seasonality, there were no significant molecular changes in circulating RSV strains in Korea related to nirsevimab or palivizumab resistance before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, RSV-specific drug-resistance substitutions for suptavumab were identified.
Files in This Item:
T202406642.pdf Download
DOI
10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e206
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Laboratory Medicine (진단검사의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Pediatrics (소아과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kang, Ji-Man(강지만) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0678-4964
Park, Yu Jin(박유진)
Baek, Jee Yeon(백지연) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-8618
Ahn, Jong Gyun(안종균) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-0015
Lee, Seung-Tae(이승태) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-1415
Lee, Ji Young(이지영)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/201139
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