Expression of PD-L1 in breast invasive lobular carcinoma

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of PD-L1 in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and to determine its implications. Methods Tissue microarrays were constructed for 101 cases of ILC, and immunohistochemical staining for PD-L1 (using 22C3, SP142, and SP263 antibodies) was performed to examine the correlation between staining results and clinicopathologic parameters. Results The positive cut-off values were defined as tumor cell (TC)>= 1%, immune cell (IC)>0%, and IC >= 1%. The range of PD-L1 TC positivity was 0.0-2.0%, with PD-L1 SP263 TC showing the highest positivity of 2.0%. The range of PD-L1 IC positivity was 0-21.8% for IC >= 1%, with PD-L1 22C3 IC showing the highest positivity. When PD-L1 IC was positive (IC >= 1%), the highest antibody agreement was observed between SP263 and SP142 (OA = 93.1%), while the lowest agreement was observed between 22C3 and SP263 (OA = 73.3%, kappa = 0.040). PD-L1 22C3 IC positivity (>= 1%) was associated with high nuclear grade (p = 0.002), HER-2 positivity (p = 0.019), and pleomorphic type (p = 0.002). Conclusion PD-L1 expression in ILC shows a low TC positivity rate (0-2%) with various antibody clones and a variable IC positivity rate (0-21.8%). Pleomorphic type ILC exhibits higher PD-L1 IC positivity.