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Seroprevalence of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody and implications for vaccination policy in Vietnam's South-central coast: a cross-sectional study

Authors
 Hoang Thieu Le  ;  Thai Hung Do  ;  The Anh Dao  ;  Tien Thanh Hoang  ;  Bao Trieu Nguyen  ;  Thuy Lien Le  ;  Dinh Luong Nguyen  ;  Lay-Myint Yoshida  ;  Xuan Huy Le  ;  Hong Quan Le  ;  That Toan Ton  ;  Min Jin Ha 
Citation
 BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol.24(1) : 813, 2024-08 
Journal Title
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Issue Date
2024-08
MeSH
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial* / blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diphtheria Toxoid* / administration & dosage ; Diphtheria Toxoid* / immunology ; Diphtheria* / epidemiology ; Diphtheria* / immunology ; Diphtheria* / prevention & control ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G / blood ; Male ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Vaccination* / statistics & numerical data ; Vietnam / epidemiology ; Young Adult
Keywords
Anti-diptheria toxoid antibody ; Seroprevalence ; Vietnam
Abstract
Background: Diphtheria is a re-emerging infectious disease and public health concern worldwide and in Vietnam with increasing cases in recent years. This study aimed to assess the anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies status in Khanh Hoa Province and identify factors contributing to the vaccination policy in the south-central coast of Vietnam. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-diphtheria toxoid antibodies among 1,195 participants, aged 5 – 40 years in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. Immunoglobulin G antibody levels against diphtheria were detected using a commercial anti-diphtheria toxoid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (SERION ELISA classic Diphtheria Immunoglobulin G) and were categorized following the World Health Organization guidelines. Results: The mean anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody levels were 0.07 IU/ml (95% Confidence Interval: 0.07–0.08). Anti-diphtheria toxoid antibody levels were found to be associated with age and history of diphtheria vaccination. The 5–15 years age group had the highest levels (0.09 IU/ml), while the older age group had the lowest antibody level (p < 0.001). Individuals who received three doses (adjusted Odds ratio: 2.34, 95%CI: 1.35 – 4.07) or 4+ doses (adjusted Odds ratio: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.29 – 4.64) had a higher antibody level compared to those who received only one dose regardless of age. Conclusion: It is crucial to promote routine vaccination coverage to over 95% for children under one year of age with three primary doses of the diphtheria-containing vaccine, including additional doses at 18 months and 7 years of age. Booster doses should be promoted and administered to adolescents and adults every 10 years.
Files in This Item:
T202405272.pdf Download
DOI
39134980
Appears in Collections:
4. Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Ha, Min Jin(하민진)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/200482
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