Lipid Accumulation Product Index Predicts New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Among Non-Obese Koreans: A 12-Year Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Purpose: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) has been a potential indicator of central lipid accumulation status. This study aimed to assess the longitudinal association between LAP index and incident type 2 diabetes among non-obese Korean adults using a large, community-based Korean cohort observed over 12 years.

Patients and methods: This study included 4281 non-diabetic adults without generalized obesity and abdominal obesity and aged 40-69 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The participants were divided into four groups according to LAP index quartiles, calculated as (waist circumference [cm] - 65) x (triglycerides [mmol/L]) in men and (waist circumference [cm] - 58) x (triglycerides [mmol/L]) in women. We prospectively assessed hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidential intervals (CIs) for incident type 2 diabetes using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models.

Results: Overall, 608 (14.2%) participants developed type 2 diabetes during the follow-up period. HRs for incident type 2 diabetes in the second, third, and fourth LAP quartile were 1.32 (95% CI: 0.97-1.79), 1.51 (95% CI: 1.11-2.06), and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.56-2.94), respectively, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, mean arterial blood pressure, family history of diabetes, and impaired glucose tolerance.

Conclusion: A high LAP index can be an additional indicator for new-onset T2DM among middle-aged and elderly non-obese Koreans.