Microbiome Analysis Using Next-Generation Sequencing in Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract

In recent decades, the understanding of the genetic information of microbes and hosts has advanced considerably with the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS). For infectious diseases, genomic analysis can provide valuable information on the host disease susceptibility, microbial pathogenicity, and drug sensitivity. For urinary tract infections (UTI), NGS can reveal the pathogenic microbe and the dysbiosis of the urinary microbiome, which is a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of UTI and other urinary tract disorders. This review outlines the role of urinary microbiome dysbiosis in UTI, urinary stone disease, and cancer. Furthermore, the recent advances in NGS technologies for future applications in infectious disease research are described in detail.