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Differential Impact of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on the Epidemiology of Invasive Bacterial Infections in Children During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

Authors
 Ye Kyung Kim  ;  Youn Young Choi  ;  Hyunju Lee  ;  Eun Song Song  ;  Jong Gyun Ahn  ;  Su Eun Park  ;  Taekjin Lee  ;  Hye-Kyung Cho  ;  Jina Lee  ;  Yae-Jean Kim  ;  Dae Sun Jo  ;  Hyun Mi Kang  ;  Joon Kee Lee  ;  Chun Soo Kim  ;  Dong Hyun Kim  ;  Hwang Min Kim  ;  Jae Hong Choi  ;  Byung Wook Eun  ;  Nam Hee Kim  ;  Eun Young Cho  ;  Yun-Kyung Kim  ;  Chi Eun Oh  ;  Kyung-Hyo Kim  ;  Eun Hwa Choi 
Citation
 PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL, Vol.41(2) : 91-96, 2022-02 
Journal Title
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
ISSN
 0891-3668 
Issue Date
2022-02
MeSH
Bacterial Infections / classification* ; Bacterial Infections / epidemiology* ; COVID-19 / prevention & control ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Communicable Disease Control / methods* ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Republic of Korea / epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
Abstract
Background: Invasive bacterial infection (IBI) remains a major burden of mortality and morbidity in children. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged, stringent nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were applied worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs on pediatric IBI in Korea.

Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, surveillance for pediatric IBIs caused by 9 pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, N. meningitidis, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, S. aureus, Salmonella species, L. monocytogenes and E. coli) was performed at 22 hospitals throughout Korea. Annual incidence rates were compared before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: A total of 651 cases were identified and the annual incidence was 194.0 cases per 100,000 in-patients in 2018, 170.0 in 2019 and 172.4 in 2020. Most common pathogen by age group was S. agalactiae in infants < 3 months (n = 129, 46.7%), S. aureus in 3 to < 24 months (n = 35, 37.2%), Salmonella spp. in 24 to < 60 months (n = 24, 34.8%) and S. aureus in children ≥ 5 years (n = 128, 60.7%). Compared with 2018 to 2019, the incidence rate in 2020 decreased by 57% for invasive pneumococcal disease (26.6 vs. 11.5 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.014) and 59% for Salmonella spp. infection (22.8 vs. 9.4 per 100,000 in-patients, P = 0.018). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in invasive infections due to S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli.

Conclusions: The NPIs implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced invasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. but not S. aureus, S. agalactiae and E. coli in children.
Files in This Item:
T202201305.pdf Download
DOI
10.1097/INF.0000000000003414
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Pediatrics (소아과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Ahn, Jong Gyun(안종균) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-0015
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/188483
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