Efficacy of Statin Treatment According to Baseline Renal Function in Korean Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Not Requiring Dialysis Undergoing Newer-Generation Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation

Abstract

We investigated the 2-year efficacy of statin treatment according to baseline renal function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) not requiring dialysis undergoing newer-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. A total of 18,875 AMI patients were classified into group A (statin users, n = 16,055) and group B (statin nonusers, n = 2820). According to the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; ≥90, 60-89, 30-59 and <30 mL/min/1.73 m2), these two groups were sub-classified into groups A1, A2, A3 and A4 and groups B1, B2, B3 and B4. The major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as all-cause death, recurrent MI (re-MI) and any repeat revascularization, were evaluated. The MACE (group A1 vs. B1, p = 0.002; group A2 vs. B2, p = 0.007; group A3 vs. B3, p < 0.001; group A4 vs. B4, p < 0.001), all-cause death (p = 0.006, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively) and cardiac death (p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively) rates were significantly higher in statin nonusers than those in statin users. Despite the beneficial effects of statin treatment, the MACE (group A1 vs. A2 vs. A3 vs. A4: 5.2%, 6.4%, 10.1% and 18.5%, respectively), all-cause mortality (0.9%, 1.8%, 4.6% and 12.9%, respectively) and cardiac death (0.4%, 1.0%, 2.6% and 6.8%, respectively) rates were significantly increased as eGFR decreased in group A. These results may be related to the peculiar characteristics of chronic kidney disease, including increased vascular calcification and traditional or nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors. In the era of newer-generation DESs, although statin treatment was effective in reducing mortality, this beneficial effect was diminished in accordance with the deterioration of baseline renal function.