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Local Toxicity of Biocides after Direct and Aerosol Exposure on the Human Skin Epidermis and Airway Tissue Models

Authors
 Nahyun Lee  ;  Dae Yong Jang  ;  Do Hyeon Lee  ;  Haengdueng Jeong  ;  Ki Taek Nam  ;  Dal-Woong Choi  ;  Kyung-Min Lim 
Citation
 TOXICS, Vol.9(2) : 29, 2021-02 
Journal Title
TOXICS
Issue Date
2021-02
Keywords
3D reconstructed model ; KeraSkinTM ; SoluAirwayTM ; aerosol ; biocides ; reconstructed human airway mucosa ; reconstructed human epidermis
Abstract
Biocides are commonly used as spray- or trigger-type formulations, thus dermal and respiratory exposure to biocide aerosol is unavoidable. However, little is known about the impact of aerosolization on the local toxicity of biocides on the skin or the airway. We compared the local toxicity of biocides after direct or aerosol exposure on reconstructed human skin epidermis and upper airway models. Three biocides, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one (BIT), 2-phenoxyethanol (PE), and 2-phenylphenol (OPP), most widely used in the market were selected. When the biocide was treated in aerosols, toxicity to the skin epidermis and upper airway tissue became significantly attenuated compared with the direct application as determined by the higher tissue viabilities. This was further confirmed in histological examination, wherein the tissue damages were less pronounced. LC-MS/MS and GC/MS analysis revealed that concentrations of biocides decreased during aerosolization. Importantly, the toxicity of biocides treated in 3 μm (median mass aerodynamic diameter (MMAD)) aerosols was stronger than that of 5 μm aerosol, suggesting that the aerosol particle size may affect biocide toxicity. Collectively, we demonstrated that aerosolization could affect the local toxicity of biocides on the skin epidermis and the upper airway.
Files in This Item:
T202100460.pdf Download
DOI
10.3390/toxics9020029
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > BioMedical Science Institute (의생명과학부) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Nam, Ki Taek(남기택)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/182118
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