육아휴직 후 복귀한 간호사의 양육스트레스와 동료지지가 일과 삶의 균형에 미치는 영향

Abstract

This was a descriptive study aimed to provide basic data on readaptation of hospital nurses after parental leave by exploring levels of parenting stress, co-worker support, and work―life balance and identifying factors affecting work―life balance. Inclusion criteria were hospital nurses whose total number of children did not exceed 3, and who were within their first year of reinstatement after parental leave. A structured questionnaire are used, and data were collected at three tertiary hospitals in Seoul, via convenience sampling, from February 18 to May 31, 2019. A total of 86 replies were used for statistical analysis. Three measuring instruments were used: the Parenting Stress Scale developed by Kim and Kang (1997), modified Social Provisions Scale developed by Yang (2013), and Work―Life Balance Scale developed by Kim and Park (2008). The questionnaire given to subjects included questions about general characteristics and characteristics related to the use of parental leave. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression with SPSS 25.0 program. The main results were as follows: 1. The mean age of the participants was 34.02±3.01 years, and their mean clinical experience was 9.98±2.97 years. All the participants were female (with the exception of one male) and they spent 66.55±44.09 minutes commuting on average. A total of 60.5% participants worked in three shifts. The perception of job rotation, health status, and sleep quality got scores of 2.88±0.96, 2.58±0.68, and 2.40±0.83 points respectively on 5-point scale. The score for fatigue (also measured on a 5-points scale), was 4.26±0.64 points. The total number of children was 1.56±0.61, and the period of parental leave was 11.99±5.18 months on average. 2. Parenting stress was at 3.15±0.60 points and co-worker support at 3.76±0.71 points, both measured on a 5-points scale. Work―life balance was at 2.45±1.00 points on average measured on a 6-points scale. 3. Work―life balance showed a statistical difference depending on the level of education; it showed negative correlations with commuting time and fatigue and positive correlations with the perception of job rotation, health status, and sleep quality. 4. There was a negative correlation between parenting stress and work―life balance (r=-.536, p<.001) and a positive correlation between co-worker support and work-life balance (r=.392, p<.001). 5. Parenting stress, co-worker support, health status, and fatigue affected work―life balance. These variables explained 51.7% of work―life balance. These were influenced by fatigue (β=-.320, p=.001), parenting stress (β=-.260, p=.004), health status (β=.200, p=.040), and co-worker support (β=.199, p=.031). Thus, parenting stress, co-worker support, health status and fatigue of hospital nurses reinstated from parental leave were found to be factors influencing their work―life balance.