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Machine learning of clinical variables and coronary artery calcium scoring for the prediction of obstructive coronary artery disease on coronary computed tomography angiography: analysis from the CONFIRM registry

Authors
 Subhi J. Al’Aref  ;  Gabriel Maliakal  ;  Gurpreet Singh  ;  Alexander R. van Rosendael  ;  Xiaoyue Ma  ;  Zhuoran Xu  ;  Omar Al Hussein Alawamlh  ;  Benjamin Lee  ;  Mohit Pandey  ;  Stephan Achenbach  ;  Mouaz H. Al-Mallah  ;  Daniele Andreini  ;  Jeroen J. Bax  ;  Daniel S. Berman  ;  Matthew J. Budoff  ;  Filippo Cademartiri  ;  Tracy Q. Callister  ;  Hyuk-Jae Chang  ;  Kavitha Chinnaiyan  ;  Benjamin J.W. Chow  ;  Ricardo C. Cury  ;  Augustin DeLago  ;  Gudrun Feuchtner  ;  Martin Hadamitzky  ;  Joerg Hausleiter  ;  Philipp A. Kaufmann  ;  Yong-Jin Kim  ;  Jonathon A. Leipsic  ;  Erica Maffei  ;  Hugo Marques  ;  Pedro de Arau´ jo Gonc¸alves  ;  Gianluca Pontone  ;  Gilbert L. Raff  ;  Ronen Rubinshtein  ;  Todd C. Villines  ;  Heidi Gransar  ;  Yao Lu  ;  Erica C. Jones  ;  Jessica M. Pe~na  ;  Fay Y. Lin  ;  James K. Min  ;  Leslee J. Shaw 
Citation
 EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, Vol.41(3) : 359-367, 2020 
Journal Title
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
ISSN
 0195-668X 
Issue Date
2020
Keywords
Coronary artery calcium score ; Coronary artery disease ; Coronary computed tomography angiography ; Machine learning
Abstract
AIMS:

Symptom-based pretest probability scores that estimate the likelihood of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in stable chest pain have moderate accuracy. We sought to develop a machine learning (ML) model, utilizing clinical factors and the coronary artery calcium score (CACS), to predict the presence of obstructive CAD on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

METHODS AND RESULTS:

The study screened 35 281 participants enrolled in the CONFIRM registry, who underwent ≥64 detector row CCTA evaluation because of either suspected or previously established CAD. A boosted ensemble algorithm (XGBoost) was used, with data split into a training set (80%) on which 10-fold cross-validation was done and a test set (20%). Performance was assessed of the (1) ML model (using 25 clinical and demographic features), (2) ML + CACS, (3) CAD consortium clinical score, (4) CAD consortium clinical score + CACS, and (5) updated Diamond-Forrester (UDF) score. The study population comprised of 13 054 patients, of whom 2380 (18.2%) had obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis). Machine learning with CACS produced the best performance [area under the curve (AUC) of 0.881] compared with ML alone (AUC of 0.773), CAD consortium clinical score (AUC of 0.734), and with CACS (AUC of 0.866) and UDF (AUC of 0.682), P < 0.05 for all comparisons. CACS, age, and gender were the highest ranking features.

CONCLUSION:

A ML model incorporating clinical features in addition to CACS can accurately estimate the pretest likelihood of obstructive CAD on CCTA. In clinical practice, the utilization of such an approach could improve risk stratification and help guide downstream management.
Full Text
https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/41/3/359/5568299
DOI
10.1093/eurheartj/ehz565
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Chang, Hyuk-Jae(장혁재) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-7545
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/175325
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