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Endothelial cell dysfunction and glycocalyx - A vicious circle

Authors
 Xiaohui Zhang  ;  Dong Sun  ;  Jeon W. Song  ;  Joseph Zullo  ;  Mark Lipphardt  ;  Leona Coneh-Gould  ;  Michael S. Goligorsky 
Citation
 MATRIX BIOLOGY, Vol.71~72 : 421-431, 2018 
Journal Title
MATRIX BIOLOGY
ISSN
 0945-053X 
Issue Date
2018
MeSH
Animals ; Blood Circulation ; Endothelial Cells/pathology* ; Endothelial Cells/physiology ; Glycocalyx/pathology* ; Glycocalyx/physiology ; Humans ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular* ; Phenotype ; Vascular Diseases/metabolism ; Vascular Diseases/pathology
Keywords
Diabetes ; Mechanotransduction ; Nitric oxide ; Sheddases ; Sirtuin 1
Abstract
Dysfunctional endothelial cells are an essential contributor to the progression of diverse chronic cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic diseases. It manifests in impairment of nitric oxide-dependent vasorelaxation, vascular permeability, and leukocytes deterrent. While endothelial glycocalyx is known to regulate these functions, glycocalyx has been shown to be impaired in pathologic settings leading to endothelial dysfunction. Are these findings coincidental or are they indicative of a potential cooperation of the glycocalyx and the endothelium in inducing a dysfunctional phenotype? The main thrust of this overview is to advance a hypothesis on the existence of vicious circle relations between impaired endothelial glycocalyx and endothelial cell dysfunction. We briefly introduce physiology and pathology of blood flow-induced components of mechanotransduction in endothelial cells, as this function is dependent on glycocalyx and is critically involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction. Next, we present a series of experimental findings and arguments favoring the view on the impairment of mechanotransduction in dysfunctional endothelia. We advance the concept of feedback reinforcement between perturbed endothelial glycocalyx and progression of endothelial dysfunction and sketch therapeutic approaches to restore them. Among those we introduce our recently designed liposomal nanocarriers of preassembled glycocalyx and present evidence of their ability to expeditiously restore endothelial mechanotransduction.
Full Text
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0945053X18300088
DOI
10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.026
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (마취통증의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Song, Jong Wook(송종욱) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-2070
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/173001
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