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Appropriate doses of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in high-risk subgroups with atrial fibrillation: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors
 In-Soo Kim  ;  Hyun-Jung Kim  ;  Tae-Hoon Kim  ;  Jae-Sun Uhm  ;  Boyoung Joung  ;  Moon-Hyoung Lee  ;  Hui-Nam Pak 
Citation
 JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, Vol.72(4) : 284-291, 2018 
Journal Title
JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
ISSN
 0914-5087 
Issue Date
2018
Keywords
Atrial fibrillation ; Meta-analysis ; Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant ; Oral anticoagulant-naïve ; Previous stroke
Abstract
BACKGROUND:

We evaluated the dose-dependent efficacy, safety, and all-cause mortality of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in "atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who were OAC-naïve," or "AF patients with prior-stroke history" with those who were known to be high-risk subgroups under OAC.

METHODS:

After a systematic database search (Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science), five phase-III randomized trials comparing NOACs and warfarin in "OAC-naïve/OAC-experienced," or "with/without prior-stroke history" subgroups were included. The outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model to determine the relative risk (RR) for stroke/systemic thromboembolism (SSTE), major bleeding, intracranial hemorrhage, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:

1. In OAC-naïve patients, standard-dose NOACs showed superior efficacy and safety with lower mortality [RR 0.90 (0.84-0.97), p=0.008, I2=0%] compared to warfarin. 2. For OAC-experienced patients, low-dose NOACs showed equivalent efficacy but reduced risk of major bleeding [RR 0.61 (0.40-0.91), p=0.02, I2=89%], and had lower all-cause mortality [RR 0.86 (0.75-0.99), p=0.04, I2=38%] compared to warfarin. 3. For patients with prior-stroke history, low-dose NOACs showed equivalent efficacy, but reduced risk of major bleeding [RR 0.58 (0.48-0.70), p<0.001, I2=0%] and all-cause mortality [RR 0.76 (0.66-0.88), p<0.001, I2=0%] compared to warfarin. 4. Among patients without prior-stroke history, standard-dose NOAC was superior to warfarin for both SSTE prevention [RR 0.78 (0.66-0.91), p=0.002, I2=43%] and all-cause mortality [RR 0.91 (0.85-0.97), p=0.004, I2=0%].

CONCLUSIONS:

In conclusion, standard-dose NOAC showed lower all-cause mortality than warfarin in OAC-naïve patients with AF, and low-dose NOAC was better than warfarin among the patients with prior-stroke history in terms of all-cause mortality.
Full Text
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0914508718300935
DOI
10.1016/j.jjcc.2018.03.009
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Internal Medicine (내과학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, In-Soo(김인수) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2801-5514
Kim, Tae-Hoon(김태훈) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-3456
Pak, Hui Nam(박희남) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3256-3620
Uhm, Jae Sun(엄재선) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1611-8172
Lee, Moon-Hyoung(이문형) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7268-0741
Joung, Bo Young(정보영) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9036-7225
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/163663
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