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Statistical methods for elimination of guarantee-time bias in cohort studies: a simulation study

Authors
 In Sung Cho  ;  Ye Rin Chae  ;  Ji Hyeon Kim  ;  Hae Rin Yoo  ;  Suk Yong Jang  ;  Gyu Ri Kim  ;  Chung Mo Nam 
Citation
 BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, Vol.17(1) : 126, 2017 
Journal Title
BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Issue Date
2017
Keywords
Cox regression ; Guarantee-time bias ; Landmark method ; Time-dependent Cox regression
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Aspirin has been considered to be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Several pharmaco-epidemiology cohort studies have shown protective effects of aspirin on diseases using various statistical methods, with the Cox regression model being the most commonly used approach. However, there are some inherent limitations to the conventional Cox regression approach such as guarantee-time bias, resulting in an overestimation of the drug effect. To overcome such limitations, alternative approaches, such as the time-dependent Cox model and landmark methods have been proposed. This study aimed to compare the performance of three methods: Cox regression, time-dependent Cox model and landmark method with different landmark times in order to address the problem of guarantee-time bias.

METHODS: Through statistical modeling and simulation studies, the performance of the above three methods were assessed in terms of type I error, bias, power, and mean squared error (MSE). In addition, the three statistical approaches were applied to a real data example from the Korean National Health Insurance Database. Effect of cumulative rosiglitazone dose on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was used as an example for illustration.

RESULTS: In the simulated data, time-dependent Cox regression outperformed the landmark method in terms of bias and mean squared error but the type I error rates were similar. The results from real-data example showed the same patterns as the simulation findings.

CONCLUSIONS: While both time-dependent Cox regression model and landmark analysis are useful in resolving the problem of guarantee-time bias, time-dependent Cox regression is the most appropriate method for analyzing cumulative dose effects in pharmaco-epidemiological studies.
Files in This Item:
T201703040.pdf Download
DOI
10.1186/s12874-017-0405-6
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Preventive Medicine (예방의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
4. Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > Graduate School of Public Health (보건대학원) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Gyu Ri(김규리) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-3971
Nam, Chung Mo(남정모) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-0928
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/160675
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