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Active and Passive Smoking and Serum Total Bilirubin in a Rural Korean Population.

Authors
 Na HyunKim  ;  Hyeon ChangKim  ;  Joo YoungLee  ;  Ju-MiLee  ;  IlSuh 
Citation
 NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH, Vol.18(5) : 572-579, 2016 
Journal Title
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
ISSN
 1462-2203 
Issue Date
2016
MeSH
Adult ; Aged ; Bilirubin/blood* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data* ; Smoking/blood* ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution*/analysis ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution*/statistics & numerical data ; Tobacco Use Disorder/blood
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Serum bilirubin is an endogenous antioxidant biomarker and its low level is a potential risk factor for smoking related health disorders. This study investigated the association of cigarette smoke with serum total bilirubin among Koreans.
METHODS: Between 2006 and 2011, we examined 4899 Korean adults living in a rural community. After excluding 38 participants with serum bilirubin more than 2mg/dL, 75 participants who did not report their smoking status or who had liver or bile duct disorders, and 711 participants with liver enzymes exceeding the upper reference values, we performed a cross-sectional analysis on 4075 participants. Participants were classified into four groups: never-smokers without secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE), never-smokers with SHSE, former smokers, and active smokers. Serum total bilirubin concentration was measured using the enzyme method.
RESULTS: Compared to never-smokers without SHSE, never-smokers with SHSE (β = -0.025 mg/dL), former smokers (β = -0.049 mg/dL), and active smokers (β = -0.149 mg/dL) had significantly lower serum bilirubin even after adjusting for demographic factors, study year, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, hemoglobin, lifestyle factors, and chronic diseases. A sex-stratified analysis indicated that for men, former smokers and active smokers were significantly associated with having lower bilirubin when compared to never-smokers without SHSE. However, for women, never-smokers with SHSE and active smokers were significantly associated with having lower bilirubin when compared to never-smokers without SHSE.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that both active and passive cigarette smoking are associated with low serum bilirubin among Korean adults.
IMPLICATIONS: Our results suggest that not only active smoking but also passive smoking including SHSE can have an influence on decreasing serum bilirubin levels. With this different point of view, our study supports efforts to create smoke-free environments in order to foster more favorable serum bilirubin profiles, which may improve endothelial function and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Full Text
http://ntr.oxfordjournals.org/content/18/5/572
DOI
10.1093/ntr/ntv251
Appears in Collections:
1. College of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Preventive Medicine (예방의학교실) > 1. Journal Papers
Yonsei Authors
Kim, Hyeon Chang(김현창) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-1240
Suh, Il(서일) ORCID logo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-7849
Lee, Ju Mi(이주미)
Lee, Joo Young(이주영)
URI
https://ir.ymlib.yonsei.ac.kr/handle/22282913/147111
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