한국 농촌 부인들의 출산조절 유형에 관한 연구 : 인구학적 및 사회, 경제적 특성을 중심으로順

Abstract

[한글]

A Study of the Birth Control Pattern of the Rural Area in Korea

Hahm Hee Soon

Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University

This study is an attempt to find the relationship between the pattern of birth

control and the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the women residing

in rural areas of Korea.

As a analytical technique, X**2-test is used in this study. The dependent

variable, which was categorized by the methods used for birth control is Birth

control Pattern. There are four patterns: Contraception only, Abortion only,

Combination of contraception and abortion and No birth control.

Independent variables of the study are the demographic and socioeconomic

characteristics of the women. The demographic characteristics include the following

variables: age, age of first marriage, the number of pregnancies, duration of

marriage, number of living children, number of living sons, ideal number of

children and additional desired number of children. The socioeconomic

characteristics used are: husband's occupation, husband's and wife's education,

wife's religion, wife's employment, living expenditure and exposure to newspaper,

T.V., radio, and magazine.

The dat used in from "The Questionnaire of Maternal and Child Health Law" which

was designed by the Department of Sociology in Yonsei University. In this

questionnaire, women's pregnancy history, contraceptive history, and demographic

and socioeconomic characteristics are included.

Eight hundred and eleven married women of child-bearing age(20-45) residing in

Kuh-change Gun and Chueng-yang Gun were interviewed by trained interviewers.

The major findings of the study were as follows:

1. Birth control pattern of women in rural areas of Korea revealed that 29.7% of

the respondents depend on contraception only, 3.5% depend on abortion only, and

15.4% of the respondents depend on a combination. The remaining 51.4% did not use

any method of birth control.

2. Demographic characteristics, except ideal number of children, have significant

effect in determining the birth control pattern in rural areas. the trend of the

pattern by demographic characteristics shows that the usage of contraception only

and the combination of contraception and abortion are increasing, whereas induced

abortion only is decreasing according to age. The demographic characteristics which

show this trends according to age are the number of pregnancies, duration of

marriage, number of living children, and number of living sons.

3. Socioeconomic characteristics have no effect on the determination of birth

control pattern in this study.

Except for the religion variable, most of the socioeconomic characteristics do

not have statistical significance. This may be explained however, by the

homogeneity of rural society in Korea.

4. Exposure to mass media has significant effects on the birth control pattern.

In the case of new spaper and radio especially, there appears a significant

difference in the birth control pattern. the same results are not evident however,

in the case of T.V. and magazines. This is thought to be due to a lack of their

sufficient diffusion in rural areas of Korea.

Conclusion and suggestion:

1. Demographic characteristics have been demonstrated to be very important in

family planning. Therefore, women's demographic eligibility must be considered

sufficiently.

2. If the aim of present family planning services changes from target setting to

increasing the rate of successful use of contraception, induced abortion as a birth

control method will decreased rapidly.

3. If mass media is diffused much more than present in rural areas, birth control

patterns of women in rural area will also undergo a change.

[영문]

This study is an attempt to find the relationship between the pattern of birth control and the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the women residing in rural areas of Korea.

As a analytical technique, X**2-test is used in this study. The dependent variable, which was categorized by the methods used for birth control is Birth control Pattern. There are four patterns: Contraception only, Abortion only, Combination of contraception and abortion and No birth control.

Independent variables of the study are the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the women. The demographic characteristics include the following variables: age, age of first marriage, the number of pregnancies, duration of marriage, number of living children, number of living sons, ideal number of

children and additional desired number of children. The socioeconomic characteristics used are: husband's occupation, husband's and wife's education, wife's religion, wife's employment, living expenditure and exposure to newspaper,

T.V., radio, and magazine.

The dat used in from "The Questionnaire of Maternal and Child Health Law" which was designed by the Department of Sociology in Yonsei University. In this questionnaire, women's pregnancy history, contraceptive history, and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics are included.

Eight hundred and eleven married women of child-bearing age(20-45) residing in Kuh-change Gun and Chueng-yang Gun were interviewed by trained interviewers.

The major findings of the study were as follows:

1. Birth control pattern of women in rural areas of Korea revealed that 29.7% of the respondents depend on contraception only, 3.5% depend on abortion only, and 15.4% of the respondents depend on a combination. The remaining 51.4% did not use any method of birth control.

2. Demographic characteristics, except ideal number of children, have significant effect in determining the birth control pattern in rural areas. the trend of the pattern by demographic characteristics shows that the usage of contraception only and the combination of contraception and abortion are increasing, whereas induced abortion only is decreasing according to age. The demographic characteristics which show this trends according to age are the number of pregnancies, duration of

marriage, number of living children, and number of living sons.

3. Socioeconomic characteristics have no effect on the determination of birth control pattern in this study.

Except for the religion variable, most of the socioeconomic characteristics do not have statistical significance. This may be explained however, by the homogeneity of rural society in Korea.

4. Exposure to mass media has significant effects on the birth control pattern. In the case of new spaper and radio especially, there appears a significant difference in the birth control pattern. the same results are not evident however, in the case of T.V. and magazines. This is thought to be due to a lack of their

sufficient diffusion in rural areas of Korea.

Conclusion and suggestion:

1. Demographic characteristics have been demonstrated to be very important in family planning. Therefore, women's demographic eligibility must be considered sufficiently.

2. If the aim of present family planning services changes from target setting to increasing the rate of successful use of contraception, induced abortion as a birth control method will decreased rapidly.

3. If mass media is diffused much more than present in rural areas, birth control patterns of women in rural area will also undergo a change.