한국 남자대학생에서의 최대산소섭취능과 주행 에너지소모량과의 상관관계

Abstract

[영문]

[한글]

신체운동수행능력 (physical performance)은 여러가지 인자들 즉 최대산소섭취능(maxim

al oxygen uptake, V^^o2max), 최대무기성운동능력 (maximal anaerobic power), 근적성 (

muscular fitness), 기술 그리고 정신력에 의하여 영향을 받으며 이들 인자들이 운동능력

에 미치는 영향은 운동의 종류에 따라 다르다(Astrand 및 Rodahl, 1977: Liger 및 Mercie

r, 1984).

특히 장거리 달리기의 경우, 심폐기능의 지표로 알려져 있는 최대산소섭취능 이외에 ru

nning economy가 주행기록을 결정하는 중요한 요인으로 지적되고 있으나 running economy

와 주행기록간의 상관성 유무에 대하여서는 연구자들간에 의견이 분분하다(Costill등, 19

73; Daniels, 1974; McMiken 및 Daniels, 1976; Farrell등, 1979; Sjodin 및 Schele, 198

2: Svedenhag 및 Sjodin, 1984).

더우기 연령, 성별, 신체적성정도(degree of physical fitness level) 그리고 주법, 주

폭, 도약빈도등의 biomechanical factor가 running economy에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려

져 있어, 주행 energy cost에는 여러가지 인자가 복합적으로 관여되어 있다고 하겠다(Leg

er 및 Mercier, 1984; Daniels 등, 1985).

따라서 본 실험은 최대산소섭취능이 주행속도에 따른 running economy에 미치는 영향을

규명하기 위하여 treadmill상에서 주행속도에 따른 total energy cost를 비교 분석하였

다.

실험대상은 연령 및 성별에 의해 주행 energy cost가 달라진다고 하므로 이들의 영향을

최대로 줄이기 위하여 20세 전후의 남자대학생으로 제한하였으며, 이들을 최대산소섭취

능에 따라 Ⅰ군(V^^o2max<50), Ⅱ군(50≤V^^o2max<60), 그리고 Ⅲ군(V^^o2max≥60 ml/min

·kg)으로 분류하고 treadmill주행시 심박동수, 산소소모량 그리고 혈중 젖산농도를 분석

하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.

1. 안정 및 주행속도에 따른 심박동수는 최대산소섭취능이 높을수록 현저히 낮았으나(p

<0.05) 최대심박동수에는 실험군간에 의의있는 차가 없었다(p>0.05).

2. Submaximal velocity에서 주행속도에 따른 산소소모량은 Ⅱ군에서 가장 높았고 Ⅰ군

에서 가장 낮았으며, 각각의 실험군간에는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05).

3. Submaximal velocity에서의 %V^^o2max는 최대산소섭취능이 높을수록 의의있게 낮았

다(p<0.05).

4. 주행속도에 따른 혈중 젖산농도는 최대산소섭취능이 높을수록 의의있게 낮았다(p<0.

05).

5. Submaximal velocity에서 Ⅱ군의 net total energy cost는 Ⅰ군 및 Ⅲ군에 비하여

의의있게 높았으나(p<0.05), Ⅰ군과 Ⅲ군간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05).

6. Submaximal velocity인 8 MPH 에서의 net total energy cost는 최대산소섭취능이 낮

은 범위에서는 최대산소섭취능이 커짐에 따라 증가하였으나, 최대산소섭취능이 높은 범위

에서는 오히려 감소하였다.

7. 10 MPH 이하의 주행속도에서 Ⅱ군의 단위거리당 net total energy cost(L^^o2/mile

·kg)는 Ⅰ군 및 Ⅲ군에 비하여 높았으나(p<0.05), Ⅰ군과 Ⅲ군간에는 단위거리당 net to

tal energy cost의 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05).

이상과 같이 submaximal velocity에서의 net total energy cost가 최대산소섭취능의 낮

은 범위에서는 최대산소섭취능이 커짐에 따라 증가하는 반면에 최대산소섭취능의 높은 범

위에서는 오히려 감소하는 사실로 미루어 보아, 적어도 submaximal velocity에서의 net t

otal energy cost는 최대산소섭취능의 정도에 따라 서로 다른 상관관계를 보이는 것으로

생각된다.

Correlationship between Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Running Energy Cost in Korean

Collegemen

Yang Sil Koh

Department of Medical Science The Graduate School, Yonsei University

(Directed by Assistant Professor Syng Ill Lee, Ph.D.)

It has been well known that the physical performance is determined by several

factors, including maximal oxygen uptake(V^^o2max), maximal anaerobic power,

muscular fitness, techniques, and the psychological performance. However, the

contribution of these factors to physical performance mainly depends upon the types

of exercise(Astrand and Rodahl, 1977: Leger and Mercier, 1984).

In long-distance running, it has been pointed out that the running economy, which

represents the energy cost of running at the given velocity, is one of critical

factors for running performance. Nevertheless, the relationship between running

performance and running energy cost at the submaximal running velocity is still

controversial(Costill et al., 1973; Daniels, 1974; McMikan and Daniels, 1976;

Farrell et al., 1979: Sjodin and Schele, 1982; Svedenhag and Sjodin, 1984).

Furthermore, the age, the sex, the degree of physical fitness, and the

biomechanical efficiency were found as factors affecting running economy during

running (Leger and Mercier, 1984; Daniels, 1985). Consequently, these results

suggest that many factors are involved in running economy.

Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the relationship between maximal

oxygen uptake and the running energy cost. Experiments were done on Korean

collegemen in order to reduce the variation of running energy cost induced by

physical characteristics. Heart rate, oxygen consumption and lactate concentration

in the blood were measured during standing and running on treadmill. Then subjects

who participated in this study were classified into three groups, i.e., Ⅰ:V^^o2max

<50, Ⅱ: 50≤V^^o2max<60, and Ⅲ:V^^o2max≥60 ml/min·kg.

The results are summarized as follows :

1. The experimental group with high V^^o2max had low heart rates during rest and

running at a given velocity. However, there were no significant differences in

maximal heart rate among all experimental groups (p>0.05).

2. At the submaximal velocities, the experimental group Ⅱ had the highest oxygen

consumption, group Ⅰ had the lowest, and significant differences in oxygen

consumption were observed among experimental groups.

3. % V^^o2max at the submaximal velocities was significantly lower in the groups

with high V^^o2max than other groups with low V^^o2max.

4. The lactate concentration in the blood of the experimental groups with high

V^^o2max at a given velocity was significantly lower than those of the experimental

groups with low V^^o2max.

5. At the submaximal velocities, the net total energy cost of group Ⅱ was higher

than those of the experimental group Ⅰ and Ⅲ, but there was no significant

difference of the net total energy cost between group Ⅰ and Ⅲ.

6. The net total energy cost was linearly proportional to the maximal oxygen

uptake within the low range of V^^o2max while the net total energr cost was

linearly decreased in the high range of V^^o2max.

7. At the running velocitiea below 10 MPH, the net total energy cost of the

experimental group Ⅱ was significantly higher than those of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ

(p<0.05). However, no significant difference between the experimental group Ⅰ and

Ⅲ was observed in net total energy cost (p>0.05).

These findings suggest that the net total energy cost at the submaximal

velocities is linearly proportional to the V^^o2max within the low range of

V^^o2max while the net total energy cost was linearly decreased in the high range

of V^^o2max. Therefore, correlationship between V^^o2max and the net total energy

cost at the submaximal velocities may be different according to the level of

V^^o2max.